{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:10:19Z","timestamp":1790982619694,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011179","name":"Cornell University | College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University | Cornell Feline Health Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011179","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Periodontitis is a common and important health problem in domestic cats. The subgingival microbiota of cats diagnosed with chronic periodontitis (CP), aggressive periodontitis (AP), and feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) are not well characterized. Thus, the aim of the present study was to characterize and compare the periodontal microbiota of periodontally healthy cats versus cats diagnosed with CP, AP, and FCGS by using next-generation sequencing. In total, 44 domestic cats were enrolled, and 139 subgingival samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the microbiota composition of each periodontal group evaluated. Our results identified several key genera previously described in periodontal disease (e.g.\n                    <jats:italic>Treponema<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Filifactor<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and in the oral microbiota (e.g.\n                    <jats:italic>Moraxella<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) of healthy cats. Phylogenetic beta diversity analysis showed that the microbiota of periodontally healthy cats were distinguishable from diseased cats. Even though most of the genera known to be associated with periodontal disease were also identified in healthy cats, they were present at significantly lower relative abundance. Remarkably, alpha diversity was found to be higher in the disease groups compared to healthy animals. These results suggest a pathological mechanism involving opportunistic behavior. Our findings corroborate those in the current literature regarding the complexity of the subgingival microbiota of the domestic cat and reveal both differences and similarities among periodontally healthy and diseased cats.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48852-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T06:02:41Z","timestamp":1566799361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["The subgingival microbial community of feline periodontitis and gingivostomatitis: characterization and comparison between diseased and healthy cats"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Marjory Xavier","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Carvalho","family":"Bicalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Fiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana Ferreira","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4167-6272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"48852_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/089875640902600301","volume":"26","author":"N Girard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Girard, N., Servet, E., Biourge, V. & Hennet, P. Periodontal health status in a colony of 109 cats. J Vet Dent 26, 147\u2013155, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/089875640902600301 (2009).","journal-title":"J Vet Dent"},{"key":"48852_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.230","volume":"218","author":"MJ Lommer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lommer, M. J. & Verstraete, F. J. Radiographic patterns of periodontitis in cats: 147 cases (1998-1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc 218, 230\u2013234 (2001).","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"48852_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x14560099","volume":"17","author":"R Perry","year":"2015","unstructured":"Perry, R. & Tutt, C. Periodontal disease in cats: Back to basics - with an eye on the future. J Feline Med Surg 17, 45\u201365, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612x14560099 (2015).","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"key":"48852_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-016-0169-y","volume":"4","author":"CJ Adler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adler, C. J., Malik, R., Browne, G. V. & Norris, J. M. Diet may influence the oral microbiome composition in cats. Microbiome 4, 23, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-016-0169-y (2016).","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"48852_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12007","volume":"62","author":"MP Cullinan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cullinan, M. P. & Seymour, G. J. Periodontal disease and systemic illness: will the evidence ever be enough? Periodontol 2000 62, 271\u2013286, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/prd.12007 (2013).","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"48852_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0136986","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136986","volume":"10","author":"S Harris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harris, S. et al. A pyrosequencing investigation of differences in the feline subgingival microbiota in health, gingivitis and mild periodontitis. PLoS One 10, e0136986, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0136986 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"48852_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00353.x","volume":"53","author":"GC Armitage","year":"2010","unstructured":"Armitage, G. C. & Cullinan, M. P. Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 53, 12\u201327, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00353.x (2010).","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"48852_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00354.x","volume":"53","author":"M Smith","year":"2010","unstructured":"Smith, M., Seymour, G. J. & Cullinan, M. P. Histopathological features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 53, 45\u201354, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00354.x (2010).","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"48852_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12013","volume":"65","author":"JM Albandar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Albandar, J. M. Aggressive and acute periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 65, 7\u201312, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/prd.12013 (2014).","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"48852_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12016","volume":"65","author":"E Kononen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kononen, E. & Muller, H. P. Microbiology of aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 65, 46\u201378, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/prd.12016 (2014).","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"891\u2013911","key":"48852_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vii","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2005.02.001","volume":"35","author":"KF Lyon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lyon, K. F. Gingivostomatitis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 35(891\u2013911), vii, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvsm.2005.02.001 (2005).","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"48852_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Winer, J. N., Arzi, B. & Verstraete, F. J. M. Therapeutic management of feline chronic gingivostomatitis: a systematic review of the literature. Front Vet Sci 3, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2016.00054 (2016).","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2016.00054"},{"key":"48852_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.246.6.654","volume":"246","author":"MW Jennings","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jennings, M. W., Lewis, J. R., Soltero-Rivera, M. M., Brown, D. C. & Reiter, A. M. Effect of tooth extraction on stomatitis in cats: 95 cases (2000-2013). J Am Vet Med Assoc 246, 654\u2013660, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.246.6.654 (2015).","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"48852_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.08.002","volume":"148","author":"SM Dolieslager","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dolieslager, S. M. et al. Identification of bacteria associated with feline chronic gingivostomatitis using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Vet Microbiol 148, 93\u201398, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.08.002 (2011).","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.02.004","volume":"111","author":"S Thomas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thomas, S. et al. Prevalence of feline calicivirus in cats with odontoclastic resorptive lesions and chronic gingivostomatitis. Res Vet Sci 111, 124\u2013126, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.02.004 (2017).","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"48852_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2012.11.016","volume":"151","author":"SM Dolieslager","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dolieslager, S. M. et al. The influence of oral bacteria on tissue levels of Toll-like receptor and cytokine mRNAs in feline chronic gingivostomatitis and oral health. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 151, 263\u2013274, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetimm.2012.11.016 (2013).","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"48852_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.3.339","volume":"244","author":"N Farcas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Farcas, N., Lommer, M. J., Kass, P. H. & Verstraete, F. J. Dental radiographic findings in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis (2002-2012). J Am Vet Med Assoc 244, 339\u2013345, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.244.3.339 (2014).","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"Suppl 11","key":"48852_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01679.x","volume":"38","author":"WG Wade","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wade, W. G. Has the use of molecular methods for the characterization of the human oral microbiome changed our understanding of the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease? J Clin Periodontol 38(Suppl 11), 7\u201316, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01679.x (2011).","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"48852_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.11.019","volume":"175","author":"FE Dewhirst","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dewhirst, F. E. et al. The feline oral microbiome: a provisional 16S rRNA gene based taxonomy with full-length reference sequences. Vet Microbiol 175, 294\u2013303, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.11.019 (2015).","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.01.024","volume":"201","author":"A Sturgeon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sturgeon, A., Pinder, S. L., Costa, M. C. & Weese, J. S. Characterization of the oral microbiota of healthy cats using next-generation sequencing. Vet J 201, 223\u2013229, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.01.024 (2014).","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"48852_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2018.48.4.261","volume":"48","author":"H Choi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choi, H. et al. Real-time PCR quantification of 9 periodontal pathogens in saliva samples from periodontally healthy Korean young adults. J Periodontal Implant Sci 48, 261\u2013271, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5051\/jpis.2018.48.4.261 (2018).","journal-title":"J Periodontal Implant Sci"},{"key":"48852_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2011.191","volume":"6","author":"AL Griffen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Griffen, A. L. et al. Distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16S pyrosequencing. ISME J 6, 1176\u20131185, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ismej.2011.191 (2012).","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"48852_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2012.174","volume":"7","author":"L Abusleme","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abusleme, L. et al. The subgingival microbiome in health and periodontitis and its relationship with community biomass and inflammation. ISME J 7, 1016\u20131025, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ismej.2012.174 (2013).","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"48852_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03460.x","volume":"17","author":"MB Visser","year":"2011","unstructured":"Visser, M. B. & Ellen, R. P. New insights into the emerging role of oral spirochaetes in periodontal disease. Clin Microbiol Infect 17, 502\u2013512, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03460.x (2011).","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"48852_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.10.3377-3380.1991","volume":"59","author":"GR Riviere","year":"1991","unstructured":"Riviere, G. R., Weisz, K. S., Adams, D. F. & Thomas, D. D. Pathogen-related oral spirochetes from dental plaque are invasive. Infect Immun 59, 3377\u20133380 (1991).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"48852_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0201888","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201888","volume":"13","author":"J Nises","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nises, J., Rosander, A., Pettersson, A. & Backhans, A. The occurrence of Treponema spp. in gingival plaque from dogs with varying degree of periodontal disease. PLoS One 13, e0201888, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0201888 (2018).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"48852_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.09.003","volume":"181","author":"Corrin Wallis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wallis, C. et al. A longitudinal assessment of changes in bacterial community composition associated with the development of periodontal disease in dogs. Vet Microbiol, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.09.003 (2015).","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"key":"48852_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1177\/089875641303000402","volume":"30","author":"L Perez-Salcedo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perez-Salcedo, L. et al. Isolation and identification of Porphyromonas spp. and other putative pathogens from cats with periodontal disease. J Vet Dent 30, 208\u2013213 (2013).","journal-title":"J Vet Dent"},{"key":"48852_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(98)00290-9","volume":"65","author":"JM Norris","year":"1999","unstructured":"Norris, J. M. & Love, D. N. Associations amongst three feline Porphyromonas species from the gingival margin of cats during periodontal health and disease. Vet Microbiol 65, 195\u2013207 (1999).","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00053","volume":"7","author":"KY How","year":"2016","unstructured":"How, K. Y., Song, K. P. & Chan, K. G. Porphyromonas gingivalis: an overview of periodontopathic pathogen below the gum line. Front Microbiol 7, 53, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00053 (2016).","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2012.00450.x","volume":"62","author":"PM Bartold","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bartold, P. M. & Van Dyke, T. E. Periodontitis: a host-mediated disruption of microbial homeostasis. Unlearning learned concepts. Periodontol 2000 62, 203\u2013217, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2012.00450.x (2013).","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"48852_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.09.009","volume":"94","author":"AP Vieira Colombo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vieira Colombo, A. P., Magalhaes, C. B., Hartenbach, F. A., Martins do Souto, R. & Maciel da Silva-Boghossian, C. Periodontal-disease-associated biofilm: A reservoir for pathogens of medical importance. Microb Pathog 94, 27\u201334, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.09.009 (2016).","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"48852_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4832912","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4832912","volume":"2018","author":"R Chowdhry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chowdhry, R. et al. 16S rRNA Long-read sequencing of the granulation tissue from nonsmokers and smokers-severe chronic periodontitis patients. Biomed Res Int 2018, 4832912, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/4832912 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"48852_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12199","volume":"33","author":"P Sanguansermsri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sanguansermsri, P., Nobbs, A. H., Jenkinson, H. F. & Surarit, R. Interspecies dynamics among bacteria associated with canine periodontal disease. Mol Oral Microbiol 33, 59\u201367, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/omi.12199 (2018).","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s40496-014-0044-5","volume":"2","author":"AW Aruni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aruni, A. W., Dou, Y., Mishra, A. & Fletcher, H. M. The biofilm community-rebels with a cause. Curr Oral Health Rep 2, 48\u201356, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40496-014-0044-5 (2015).","journal-title":"Curr Oral Health Rep"},{"key":"48852_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240","volume":"21","author":"H L\u00f6e","year":"1963","unstructured":"L\u00f6e, H. & Silness, J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odont Scand 21, 533\u2013551 (1963).","journal-title":"Acta Odont Scand"},{"key":"48852_CR37","first-page":"311","volume":"3","author":"R Perry","year":"2017","unstructured":"Perry, R. Feline chronic gingivostomatitis. Int Soc Feline Med 3, 311\u2013318 (2017).","journal-title":"Int Soc Feline Med"},{"key":"48852_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.11.021","volume":"149","author":"L Perez-Salcedo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Perez-Salcedo, L. et al. Comparison of two sampling methods for microbiological evaluation of periodontal disease in cats. Vet Microbiol 149, 500\u2013503, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.11.021 (2011).","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2012.8","volume":"6","author":"JG Caporaso","year":"2012","unstructured":"Caporaso, J. G. et al. Ultra-high-throughput microbial community analysis on the Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq platforms. ISME J 6, 1621\u20131624, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ismej.2012.8 (2012).","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"48852_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.4056\/sigs.1433550","volume":"3","author":"JA Gilbert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gilbert, J. A. et al. Meeting report: the terabase metagenomics workshop and the vision of an Earth microbiome project. Stand Genomic Sci 3, 243\u2013248, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4056\/sigs.1433550 (2010).","journal-title":"Stand Genomic Sci"},{"key":"48852_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2276","volume":"10","author":"NA Bokulich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bokulich, N. A. et al. Quality-filtering vastly improves diversity estimates from Illumina amplicon sequencing. Nat Methods 10, 57\u201359, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.2276 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"48852_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq461","volume":"26","author":"RC Edgar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edgar, R. C. Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST. Bioinformatics 26, 2460\u20132461, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq461 (2010).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"48852_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2011.139","volume":"6","author":"D McDonald","year":"2012","unstructured":"McDonald, D. et al. An improved Greengenes taxonomy with explicit ranks for ecological and evolutionary analyses of bacteria and archaea. ISME J 6, 610\u2013618, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ismej.2011.139 (2012).","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"48852_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9490","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009490","volume":"5","author":"MN Price","year":"2010","unstructured":"Price, M. N., Dehal, P. S. & Arkin, A. P. FastTree 2\u2013approximately maximum-likelihood trees for large alignments. PLoS One 5, e9490, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0009490 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"48852_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8228","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.12.8228-8235.2005","volume":"71","author":"C Lozupone","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lozupone, C. & Knight, R. UniFrac: a new phylogenetic method for comparing microbial communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 71, 8228\u20138235, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.71.12.8228-8235.2005 (2005).","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"48852_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x","volume":"26","author":"MJ Anderson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Anderson, M. J. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26, 32\u201346, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x (2001).","journal-title":"Austral Ecology"},{"key":"48852_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-217X-2-16","volume":"2","author":"Y Vazquez-Baeza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vazquez-Baeza, Y., Pirrung, M., Gonzalez, A. & Knight, R. EMPeror: a tool for visualizing high-throughput microbial community data. Gigascience 2, 16, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2047-217X-2-16 (2013).","journal-title":"Gigascience"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-48852-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-48852-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-48852-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T07:57:16Z","timestamp":1671263836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-48852-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["48852"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-48852-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"12340"}}