{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T03:54:00Z","timestamp":1777780440465,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]],"date-time":"2019-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]],"date-time":"2019-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study refers to the use of an environmental pollutant generated during the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous media. This pollutant is a material with catalytic properties suitable for application in the oxidative degradation of problematic organic compounds. The material, initially used as an adsorbent, is a composite prepared by modifying the crystalline phases of iron oxides together with the chitosan (CT-FeCr). Chemical and morphological characterizations of the materials were performed using SEM analysis coupled with EDS, XRD and DSC. The CT-FeCr beads were used in the degradation of methylene blue dye (MB) and showed excellent degradation potential (93.6%). The presence of Cr on the surface of the catalyst was responsible for the increase in catalytic activity compared to the CT-Fe and pure magnetite materials. The product of the effluent treatment and the presence of the catalyst itself in the environment do not pose toxic effects. In addition, the CT-FeCr beads showed catalytic stability for several consecutive reaction cycles with possible technical and economic viability. The concept of \u201cindustrial symbiosis\u201d may be applied to this technology, with that term relating to the reuse of a byproduct generated in one particular industrial sector by another as a raw material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49196-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]],"date-time":"2019-09-06T13:22:00Z","timestamp":1567776120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Use of an Environmental Pollutant From Hexavalent Chromium Removal as a Green Catalyst in The Fenton Process"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Pricila Maria Batista","family":"Chagas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Aparecida","family":"Caetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Auxiliadora","family":"Tireli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro Henrique Souza","family":"Cesar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelita Duarte","family":"Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0639-5926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iara do Ros\u00e1rio","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"49196_CR1","unstructured":"Xiao H. L. Industrial Ecology and Industry Symbiosis for Environmental Sustainability Defnitions, Frameworks and Applications, (2017) p. 1\u2013144 (2017)."},{"key":"49196_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2017.02.026","volume":"137","author":"L Fraccascia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fraccascia, L., Giannoccaro, I. & Albino, V. Rethinking Resilience in Industrial Symbiosis: Conceptualization and Measurements. Ecological Economics 137, 148\u2013162 (2017).","journal-title":"Ecological Economics"},{"key":"49196_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.11.011","volume":"92","author":"F Fu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fu, F. & Wang, Q. Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review. Journal of Environmental Management 92, 407\u2013418 (2011).","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"49196_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.03.062","volume":"334","author":"DRS Cruz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cruz, D. R. S., Santos, B. T. J., Cunha, G. C. & Romao, L. P. C. Green synthesis of a magnetic hybrid adsorbent (CoFe2O4\/NOM): Removal of chromium from industrial effluent and evaluation of the catalytic potential of recovered chromium ions. Journal of Hazardous Materials 334, 76\u201385 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"},{"key":"49196_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.074","volume":"178","author":"M Shahid","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shahid, M. et al. Chromium speciation, bioavailability, uptake, toxicity and detoxification in soil-plant system: A review. Chemosphere 178, 513\u2013533 (2017).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"49196_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2015.07.023","volume":"259","author":"IT Cunha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cunha, I. T. et al. Catalytic oxidation of aqueous sulfide in the presence of ferrites (MFe2O4, M=Fe, Cu, Co). Catalysis Today 259, 222\u2013227 (2016).","journal-title":"Catalysis Today"},{"key":"49196_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4469","DOI":"10.1021\/cr3000785","volume":"112","author":"M Stratakis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stratakis, M. & Garcia, H. Catalysis by Supported Gold Nanoparticles: Beyond Aerobic Oxidative Processes. Chemical Reviews 112, 4469\u20134506 (2012).","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"49196_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1021\/ie402037d","volume":"53","author":"PK Sahu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sahu, P. K., Sahu, P. K., Gupta, S. K. & Agarwal, D. D. Chitosan: An Efficient, Reusable, and Biodegradable Catalyst for Green Synthesis of Heterocycles. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, 2085\u20132091 (2014).","journal-title":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research"},{"key":"49196_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1021\/cr500425u","volume":"115","author":"I Bauer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bauer, I. & Knolker, H. J. Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis. Chemical Reviews 115, 3170\u20133387 (2015).","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"49196_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2016.08.009","volume":"237","author":"JP Vareda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vareda, J. P., Valente, A. J. M. & Duraes, L. Heavy metals in Iberian soils: Removal by current adsorbents\/amendments and prospective for aerogels. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 237, 28\u201342 (2016).","journal-title":"Advances in Colloid and Interface Science"},{"key":"49196_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2017.05.029","volume":"5","author":"CF Carolin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carolin, C. F., Kumar, P. S., Saravanan, A., Joshiba, G. J. & Naushad, M. Efficient techniques for the removal of toxic heavy metals from aquatic environment: A review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 5, 2782\u20132799 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"49196_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2013.09.013","volume":"64","author":"SR Pouran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pouran, S. R., Raman, A. A. A. & Daud, W. Review on the application of modified iron oxides as heterogeneous catalysts in Fenton reactions. Journal of Cleaner Production 64, 24\u201335 (2014).","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"49196_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2014.11.055","volume":"135","author":"LCR Esteves","year":"2015","unstructured":"Esteves, L. C. R. et al. A fast and environment-friendly method for determination of chemical oxygen demand by using the heterogeneous Fenton-like process (H2O2\/Fe3-xCoxO4 nanoparticles) as an oxidant. Talanta 135, 75\u201380 (2015).","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"49196_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcata.2016.08.034","volume":"424","author":"PL dos Santos","year":"2016","unstructured":"dos Santos, P. L., Guimaraes, I. R., Mesquita, A. M. & Guerreiro, M. C. Copper-doped akaganeite: Application in catalytic Cupro-Fenton reactions for oxidation of methylene blue. Journal of Molecular Catalysis a-Chemical 424, 194\u2013202 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Catalysis a-Chemical"},{"key":"49196_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.11.086","volume":"311","author":"A Gogoi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gogoi, A., Navgire, M., Sarma, K. C. & Gogoi, P. Fe3O4-CeO2 metal oxide nanocomposite as a Fenton-like heterogeneous catalyst for degradation of catechol. Chemical Engineering Journal 311, 153\u2013162 (2017).","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"49196_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00772092","volume":"5","author":"J Laine","year":"1990","unstructured":"Laine, J. et al. Surface copper enrichment by reduction of copper chromite catalyst employed for carbon-monoxide oxidation. Catalysis Letters 5, 45\u201354 (1990).","journal-title":"Catalysis Letters"},{"key":"49196_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2013.08.023","volume":"308","author":"A Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, A., Liu, X. Y., Mou, C.-Y. & Zhang, T. Understanding the synergistic effects of gold bimetallic catalysts. Journal of Catalysis 308, 258\u2013271 (2013).","journal-title":"Journal of Catalysis"},{"key":"49196_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2007.08.002","volume":"332","author":"F Magalhaes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Magalhaes, F. et al. Cr-containing magnetites Fe3-xCrxO4: The role of Cr3+ and Fe2+ on the stability and reactivity towards H2O2 reactions. Applied Catalysis a-General 332, 115\u2013123 (2007).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis a-General"},{"key":"49196_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2012.03.001","volume":"191","author":"X Liang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liang, X. et al. The application of chromium substituted magnetite as heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the degradation of aqueous cationic and anionic dyes. Chemical Engineering Journal 191, 177\u2013184 (2012).","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"49196_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2014.01.007","volume":"150","author":"YH Zhong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhong, Y. H. et al. The constraints of transition metal substitutions (Ti, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni) in magnetite on its catalytic activity in heterogeneous Fenton and UV\/Fenton reaction: From the perspective of hydroxyl radical generation. Applied Catalysis B-Environmental 150, 612\u2013618 (2014).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B-Environmental"},{"key":"49196_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.04.054","volume":"275","author":"AD Bokare","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bokare, A. D. & Choi, W. Review of iron-free Fenton-like systems for activating H2O2 in advanced oxidation processes. Journal of Hazardous Materials 275, 121\u2013135 (2014).","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"},{"key":"49196_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2015.06.048","volume":"180","author":"WRP Barros","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barros, W. R. P., Steter, J. R., Lanza, M. R. V. & Tavares, A. C. Catalytic activity of Fe3-xCuxO4 (0 <= x <= 0.25) nanoparticles for the degradation of Amaranth food dye by heterogeneous electro-Fenton process. Applied Catalysis B-Environmental 180, 434\u2013441 (2016).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B-Environmental"},{"key":"49196_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.02.032","volume":"207","author":"J Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. In-situ incorporation of iron-copper bimetallic particles in electrospun carbon nanofibers as an efficient Fenton catalyst. Applied Catalysis B-Environmental 207, 316\u2013325 (2017).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B-Environmental"},{"key":"49196_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.061","volume":"81","author":"PMB Chagas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chagas, P. M. B., Torres, J. A., Silva, M. C. & Correa, A. D. Immobilized soybean hull peroxidase for the oxidation of phenolic compounds in coffee processing wastewater. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 81, 568\u2013575 (2015).","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"49196_CR25","unstructured":"American Public Health Association. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. 23th ed. Washington (2000)."},{"key":"49196_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cornell, M. & Schwertmann, U. The iron oxides: structure, properties,reactions, in: Occurences And Uses, 2. ed., Wiley-Vch, Weinheim (2003).","DOI":"10.1002\/3527602097"},{"key":"49196_CR27","unstructured":"ABNT, NBR 13934 \u00c1gua \u2013 Determina\u00e7\u00e3o de ferro \u2013 m\u00e9todo colorim\u00e9trico de ortofenantrolina, Rio de Janeiro \u2013 RJ, (1997)."},{"key":"49196_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1021\/ar9700163","volume":"31","author":"RA Sheldon","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sheldon, R. A., Wallau, M., Arends, I. & Schuchardt, U. Heterogeneous catalysts for liquid-phase oxidations: Philosophers\u2019 stones or Trojan horses? Accounts of Chemical Research 31, 485\u2013493 (1998).","journal-title":"Accounts of Chemical Research"},{"key":"49196_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2018.01.026","volume":"6","author":"PMB Chagas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chagas, P. M. B. et al. Nanostructured oxide stabilized by chitosan: Hybrid composite as an adsorbent for the removal of chromium (VI). Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6, 1008\u20131019 (2018).","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"49196_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-5805(12)60020-1","volume":"27","author":"KSK Reddy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Reddy, K. S. K., Al Shoaibi, A. & Srinivasakannan, C. A comparison of microstructure and adsorption characteristics of activated carbons by CO2 and H-3 PO4 activation from date palm pits. New Carbon Materials 27, 344\u2013351 (2012).","journal-title":"New Carbon Materials"},{"key":"49196_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1515\/pac-2014-1117","volume":"87","author":"M Thommes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thommes, M. et al. Physisorption of gases, with special reference to the evaluation of surface area and pore size distribution (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry 87, 1051\u20131069 (2015).","journal-title":"Pure and Applied Chemistry"},{"key":"49196_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2017.03.337","volume":"710","author":"G Ren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ren, G. et al. A new green synthesis of porous magnetite nanoparticles from waste ferrous sulfate by solid-phase reduction reaction. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 710, 875\u2013879 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds"},{"key":"49196_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.05.110","volume":"504","author":"XP Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei, X. P., Wu, H. H. & Sun, F. Magnetite\/Fe-Al-montmorillonite as a Fenton catalyst with efficient degradation of phenol. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 504, 611\u2013619 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"},{"key":"49196_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.03.103","volume":"500","author":"JH Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, J. H. et al. Reduction removal of hexavalent chromium by zinc-substituted magnetite coupled with aqueous Fe(II) at neutral pH value. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 500, 20\u201329 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"},{"key":"49196_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.08.158","volume":"284","author":"H Beheshti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Beheshti, H., Irani, M., Hosseini, L., Rahimi, A. & Aliabadi, M. Removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions using chitosan\/MWCNT\/Fe3O4 composite nanofibers-batch and column studies. Chemical Engineering Journal 284, 557\u2013564 (2016).","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"49196_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00289-005-0414-1","volume":"55","author":"XH Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang, X. H., Du, Y. M., Fan, L. H., Liu, H. & Hu, Y. Chitosan-metal complexes as antimicrobial agent: Synthesis, characterization and structure-activity study. Polymer Bulletin 55, 105\u2013113 (2005).","journal-title":"Polymer Bulletin"},{"key":"49196_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11956","DOI":"10.1021\/ie400781n","volume":"52","author":"ZH Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu, Z. H., Zhang, X. D. & Huang, Y. M. Magnetic Chitosan-Iron(III) Hydrogel as a Fast and Reusable Adsorbent for Chromium(VI) Removal. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 52, 11956\u201311966 (2013).","journal-title":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research"},{"key":"49196_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2016.02.012","volume":"58","author":"V Rizzi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rizzi, V. et al. Molecular interactions, characterization and photoactivity of Chlorophyll a\/chitosan\/2-HP-beta-cyclodextrin composite films as functional and active surfaces for ROS production. Food Hydrocolloids 58, 98\u2013112 (2016).","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloids"},{"key":"49196_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haber, F. & Weiss, J. The catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by ironsalts. Proc. Royal Soc. Lond. Ser. A, 332\u2013351 (1934).","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1934.0221"},{"key":"49196_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2016.07.011","volume":"34","author":"O Acisli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Acisli, O., Khataee, A., Karaca, S., Karimi, A. & Dogan, E. Combination of ultrasonic and Fenton processes in the presence of magnetite nanostructures prepared by high energy planetary ball mill. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 34, 754\u2013762 (2017).","journal-title":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry"},{"key":"49196_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.11.170","volume":"396","author":"KY Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, K. Y., Zhao, Y. Q., Janik, M. J., Song, C. S. & Guo, X. W. Facile preparation of magnetic mesoporous Fe3O4\/C\/Cu composites as high performance Fenton-like catalysts. Applied Surface Science 396, 1383\u20131392 (2017).","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"49196_CR42","first-page":"95","volume":"345","author":"Q Liao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liao, Q., Sun, J. & Gao, L. Degradation of phenol by heterogeneous Fenton reaction using multi-walled carbon nanotube supported Fe(2)O(3) Catalysts. Colloids and Surfaces a-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 345, 95\u2013100 (2009).","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces a-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects"},{"key":"49196_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2006.12.007","volume":"131","author":"JA Melero","year":"2007","unstructured":"Melero, J. A., Calleja, G., Martinez, F., Molina, R. & Pariente, M. I. Nanocomposite Fe2O3\/SBA-15: An efficient and stable catalyst for the catalytic wet peroxidation of phenolic aqueous solutions. Chemical Engineering Journal 131, 245\u2013256 (2007).","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"49196_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2010.11.002","volume":"269","author":"AN Soon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Soon, A. N. & Hameed, B. H. Heterogeneous catalytic treatment of synthetic dyes in aqueous media using Fenton and photo-assisted Fenton process. Desalination 269, 1\u201316 (2011).","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"49196_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2012.10.025","volume":"450","author":"AN Soon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soon, A. N. & Hameed, B. H. Degradation of Acid Blue 29 in visible light radiation using iron modified mesoporous silica as heterogeneous Photo-Fenton catalyst. Applied Catalysis a-General 450, 96\u2013105 (2013).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis a-General"},{"key":"49196_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2016.03.051","volume":"192","author":"AM Mesquita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mesquita, A. M. et al. Boron as a promoter in the goethite (alpha-FeOOH) phase: Organic compound degradation by Fenton reaction. Applied Catalysis B-Environmental 192, 286\u2013295 (2016).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B-Environmental"},{"key":"49196_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, L. J. & Wang, J. L. Magnetic Nanoscaled Fe3O4\/CeO2 Composite as an Efficient Fenton-Like Heterogeneous Catalyst for Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol. Environmental Science & Technology 46 (2012).","DOI":"10.1021\/es300303f"},{"key":"49196_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7232","DOI":"10.1021\/es903930h","volume":"44","author":"AD Bokare","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bokare, A. D. & Choi, W. Y. Chromate-Induced Activation of Hydrogen Peroxide for Oxidative Degradation of Aqueous Organic Pollutants. Environmental Science & Technology 44, 7232\u20137237 (2010).","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"49196_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9332","DOI":"10.1021\/es2021704","volume":"45","author":"AD Bokare","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bokare, A. D. & Choi, W. Advanced Oxidation Process Based on the Cr(III)\/Cr(VI) Redox Cycle. Environmental Science & Technology 45, 9332\u20139338 (2011).","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"49196_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcata.2014.11.024","volume":"398","author":"GL Wei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wei, G. L. et al. Heterogeneous activation of Oxone by substituted magnetites Fe3-xMxO4 (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni) for degradation of Acid Orange II at neutral pH. Journal of Molecular Catalysis a-Chemical 398, 86\u201394 (2015).","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Catalysis a-Chemical"},{"key":"49196_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.06.005","volume":"254","author":"B Saha","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saha, B. & Orvig, C. Biosorbents for hexavalent chromium elimination from industrial and municipal effluents. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 254, 2959\u20132972 (2010).","journal-title":"Coordination Chemistry Reviews"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-49196-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-49196-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-49196-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T13:15:00Z","timestamp":1671282900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-49196-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["49196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-49196-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 September 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and we confirm that there are known conflicts of interest patent applications\/registrations (BR 10 2018 007989 1) associated with this publication.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"12819"}}