{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:15:31Z","timestamp":1793412931641,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To increase the utilization ratio and catalytic efficiency of the nano TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, The RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/(Ag) powders and RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/Ag aerogel photocatalyst were designed and prepared. The composition and microstructure of RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/(Ag) powders and RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/Ag aerogel were studied, in addition, the photocatalytic activity of RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/(Ag) powders and RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/Ag aerogel was researched by the photocatalytic degradation behavior of formaldehyde solution and formaldehyde gas respectively. The result indicate that TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is uniformly loaded on the surface of RGO with a particle size of 10 nm to 20 nm. When the amount of graphene oxide added is 1 wt%, RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> powder has the highest degradation effect on formaldehyde solution, in addition, the introduction of Ag can greatly improve the photocatalytic effect of the sample. The results also show that the pore size of RGO\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/Ag aerogel is between 7.6 nm and 12.1 nm, and the degradation rate of formaldehyde gas is 77.08% within 2 hours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52541-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T14:48:06Z","timestamp":1573224486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Preparation of RGO\/TiO2\/Ag Aerogel and Its Photodegradation Performance in Gas Phase Formaldehyde"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Haiwang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dekuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rutong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingzhu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiwei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"52541_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.12.004","volume":"152","author":"KH Lui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lui, K. H. et al. Seasonal behavior of carbonyls and source characterization of formaldehyde (HCHO) in ambient air. Atmospheric Environment. 152, 51\u201360 (2017).","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment."},{"key":"52541_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.02.043","volume":"132","author":"C Chi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chi, C. et al. Law and features of TVOC and Formaldehyde pollution in urban indoor air. Atmospheric Environment. 132, 85\u201390 (2016).","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment."},{"key":"52541_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.11.140","volume":"168","author":"ZH Ling","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ling, Z. H., Zhao, J., Fan, S. J. & Wang, X. M. Sources of formaldehyde and their contributions to photochemical O\u22123, formation at an urban site in the Pearl River Delta, southern China. Chemosphere. 168, 1293\u20131301 (2017).","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"52541_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.01.078","volume":"197","author":"H Teiri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Teiri, H., Pourzamani, H. & Hajizadeh, Y. Phytoremediation of VOCs from indoor air by ornamental potted plants: A pilot study using a palm species under the controlled environment. Chemosphere. 197, 375\u2013381 (2018).","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"52541_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.04.078","volume":"235","author":"F Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, F., Rong, S., Zhang, P. & Gao, L. One-step synthesis of nanocarbon-decorated MnO2 with superior activity for indoor formaldehyde removal at room temperature. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 235, 158\u2013167 (2018).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-2067(15)61125-1","volume":"37","author":"B Bai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bai, B., Qiao, Q., Li, J. & Hao, J. Progress in research on catalysts for catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde. Chinese Journal of Catalysis. 37, 1016\u20131024 (2016).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Catalysis."},{"key":"52541_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2016.11.036","volume":"204","author":"J Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. The effect of manganese vacancy in birnessite-type MnO2 on room-temperature oxidation of formaldehyde in air. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 204, 147\u2013155 (2017).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.02.039","volume":"230","author":"V Likodimos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Likodimos, V. et al. Photonic crystal-assisted visible light activated TiO2 photocatalysis. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 230, 269\u2013303 (2018).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.06.071","volume":"237","author":"W Cui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cui, W. et al. Enhancing ROS generation and suppressing toxic intermediate production in photocatalytic NO oxidation on O\/Ba co-functionalized amorphous carbon nitride. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 237, 938\u2013946 (2018).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR10","first-page":"3736","volume":"2","author":"KD Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar, K. D., Kumar, G. P. & Reddy, K. S. Rapid microwave synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-supported TiO2 nanostructures as high performance photocatalyst. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2, 3736\u20133742 (2015).","journal-title":"Materials Today: Proceedings."},{"key":"52541_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36787","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA06232J","volume":"7","author":"S Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo, S. et al. A novel microporous amorphous-ZnO@TiO2\/graphene ternary nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic activity. RSC Advance 7, 36787\u201336792 (2017).","journal-title":"RSC Advance"},{"key":"52541_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14608","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201502443","volume":"21","author":"H Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang, H. et al. Hydrogen-Bonding-Mediated Synthesis of Atomically Thin TiO2 Films with Exposed (001) Facets and Applications in Fast Lithium Insertion\/Extraction. Chemistry. 21, 14608\u201314613 (2015).","journal-title":"Chemistry."},{"key":"52541_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2013.05.090","volume":"580","author":"J Shen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shen, J., Li, N. & Ye, M. Supramolecular photocatalyst of RGO-cyclodextrin- TiO2. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 580, 239\u2013244 (2013).","journal-title":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds."},{"key":"52541_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2017.12.021","volume":"229","author":"W Gan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gan, W., Fu, X. & Zhang, J. Ag@AgCl decorated graphene-like TiO2 nanosheets with nearly 100% exposed (001) facets for efficient solar light photocatalysis. Materials Science & Engineering B. 229, 44\u201352 (2018).","journal-title":"Materials Science & Engineering B."},{"key":"52541_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2016.05.040","volume":"198","author":"N Wei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wei, N. et al. Ag2O nanoparticle\/TiO2 nanobelt heterostructures with remarkable photo-response and photocatalytic properties under UV, visible and near-infrared irradiation. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 198, 83\u201390 (2016).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2018.06.002","volume":"159","author":"Z Youssef","year":"2018","unstructured":"Youssef, Z. et al. Dye-sensitized nanoparticles for heterogeneous photocatalysis: Cases studies with TiO2, ZnO, fullerene and graphene for water purification. Dyes and Pigments. 159, 49\u201371 (2018).","journal-title":"Dyes and Pigments."},{"key":"52541_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.03.043","volume":"232","author":"X Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, X., Shi, J., Hao, H. & Lang, X. Visible light-induced selective oxidation of alcohols with air by dye-sensitized TiO2 photocatalysis. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 232, 260\u2013267 (2018).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2016.12.011","volume":"204","author":"T Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, T. et al. RGO\/Ag2S\/TiO2 ternary heterojunctions with highly enhanced UV-NIR photocatalytic activity and stability. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 204, 593\u2013601 (2017).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.10.002","volume":"224","author":"Z Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, Z. & Lang, X. Visible light photocatalysis of dye-sensitized TiO2: The selective aerobic oxidation of amines to imines. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 224, 404\u2013409 (2018).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.11.048","volume":"344","author":"B Gomez-Ruiz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gomez-Ruiz, B. et al. Photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using a composite TiO2 -rGO catalyst. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 344, 950\u2013957 (2018).","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials."},{"key":"52541_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.10.055","volume":"243","author":"J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. Synergistic integration of Bi metal and phosphate defects on hexagonal and monoclinic BiPO4: Enhanced photocatalysis and reaction mechanism. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 243, 313\u2013321 (2019).","journal-title":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13408","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA01235K","volume":"8","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, P., Jin, H. & Ding, Y. Natural assembly of a ternary Ag\u2013SnS\u2013TiO2 photocatalyst and its photocatalytic performance under simulated sunlight. RSC Advance. 8, 13408\u201313416 (2018).","journal-title":"RSC Advance."},{"key":"52541_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8376","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b02459","volume":"8","author":"J Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. The Spatially Oriented Charge Flow and Photocatalysis Mechanism on Internal van der Waals Heterostructures Enhanced g-C3N4. ACS Catalysis. 8, 8376\u20138385 (2018).","journal-title":"ACS Catalysis."},{"key":"52541_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA11627J","volume":"7","author":"J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. Probing ring-opening pathways for efficient photocatalytic toluene decomposition. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 7, 3366\u20133374 (2019).","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A."},{"key":"52541_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21287","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA28224E","volume":"7","author":"W Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, W., Xiao, K., Zhang, L., Yin, Y. & Wang, Z. Graphene oxide supported titanium dioxide & ferroferric oxide hybrid, a magnetically separable photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic activity for tetracycline hydrochloride degradation. RSC Advance. 7, 21287\u201321297 (2017).","journal-title":"RSC Advance."},{"key":"52541_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.10.018","volume":"344","author":"Y He","year":"2018","unstructured":"He, Y., Jiang, D. B., Jiang, D. Y., Chen, J. & Zhang, Y. X. Evaluation of MnO2-templated iron oxide-coated diatomites for their catalytic performance in heterogeneous photo Fenton-like system. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 344, 230\u2013240 (2018).","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials."},{"key":"52541_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2016.02.067","volume":"671","author":"B Pant","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pant, B., Saud, P. S., Park, M., Park, S. J. & Kim, H. Y. General one-pot strategy to prepare Ag-TiO2 decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for chemical and biological disinfectant. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 671, 51\u201359 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds."},{"key":"52541_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.02.137","volume":"424","author":"C Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen. C. et al. Aligned macroporous TiO2\/chitosan\/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites for photocatalytic applications. Applied Surface Science. 424, 170\u2013176 (2017).","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science."},{"key":"52541_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6758","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.8b06041","volume":"7","author":"H Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, H. et al. A Molecular-Based Design of RGO\/TiO2-PAM Composite Flocculant with Photocatalytic Self-Degrading Characteristics and the Application of the Oil Sand Tailings Flocculant. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 7, 6758\u20136768 (2019).","journal-title":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering."},{"key":"52541_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2017.08.121","volume":"727","author":"J Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. Improved Li-ion diffusion process in TiO2\/rGO anode for lithium-ion battery. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 727, 998\u20131005 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds."},{"key":"52541_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.07.010","volume":"42","author":"XY Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu, X. Y., Li, R., Zhang, J. M., Peng, J. H. & Zhang, Y. X. Tunable fabrication of Au-TiO2 bi-nanoparticles monolayeron grapheneoxides. Ceramics International. 42, 16364\u201316367 (2016).","journal-title":"Ceramics International."},{"key":"52541_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.04.015","volume":"89","author":"X Niu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Niu, X. et al. Three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide aerogel modified electrode for the sensitive quercetin sensing and its application, Materials science & engineering. C. Materials for biological applications. 89, 230\u2013236 (2018).","journal-title":"C. Materials for biological applications."},{"key":"52541_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4227","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-018-3365-5","volume":"44","author":"A Deng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deng, A. & Zhu, Y. Synthesis of TiO2\/SiO2\/Ag\/Ag2O and TiO2\/Ag\/Ag2O nanocomposite spheres with photocatalytic performance. Research on Chemical Intermediates. 44, 4227\u20134243 (2018).","journal-title":"Research on Chemical Intermediates."},{"key":"52541_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.04.011","volume":"233","author":"J Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. Efficient infrared light promoted degradation of volatile organic compounds over photo-thermal responsive Pt-rGO-TiO2 composites. Applied. Catalysis B: Environmental. 233, 260\u2013271 (2018).","journal-title":"Catalysis B: Environmental."},{"key":"52541_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6635","DOI":"10.1039\/c1dt10274e","volume":"40","author":"J Yu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yu, J., Ma, T., Liu, G. & Cheng, B. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of bimodal mesoporous titania powders by C60 modification. Dalton Transactions. 40, 6635 (2011).","journal-title":"Dalton Transactions."},{"key":"52541_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2013.07.038","volume":"38","author":"Y Qu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Qu, Y. et al. Pt-rGO-TiO2 nanocomposite by UV-photoreduction method as promising electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 38, 12310\u201312317 (2013).","journal-title":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy."},{"key":"52541_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2018.01.022","volume":"73","author":"L Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu, L., Wang, L., Sun, X. & Ye, D. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of rGO\/TiO2 for the decomposition of formaldehyde under visible light irradiation. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 73, 138\u2013146 (2018).","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Sciences."},{"key":"52541_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.4236\/jep.2017.85039","volume":"8","author":"R Ahmadkhaniha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ahmadkhaniha, R., Izadpanah, F. & Rastkari, N. Reduced Graphene Oxide-TiO2 Nanocomposite Facilitated Visible Light Photodegradation of Gaseous Toluene. Journal of Environmental Protection. 8, 591\u2013602 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Protection."},{"key":"52541_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2018.03.036","volume":"6","author":"V Kitsiou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kitsiou, V. et al. Mineralization of the antineoplastic drug carboplatin by heterogeneous photocatalysis with simultaneous synthesis of platinum-modified TiO2 catalysts. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 6, 2409\u20132416 (2018).","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-52541-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-52541-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-52541-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T15:37:15Z","timestamp":1671291435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-019-52541-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["52541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-52541-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16314"}}