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Therefore, this work aims to determine the pharmacological interactions of a turmeric acetone extract (TAE) and its main metabolite (curcumin) with common anti-ulcer drugs (ranitidine and bismuth subsalicylate), using an ethanol-induced ulcer model in Wistar rats. The analysis of the interactions was carried out via the <jats:italic>Combination Index-Isobologram Equation<\/jats:italic> method. The combination index (<jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>) calculated at 0.5 of the affected fraction (<jats:italic>fa<\/jats:italic>) indicated that the TAE or curcumin in combination with ranitidine had a subadditive interaction. The results suggest that this antagonistic mechanism is associated to the mucoadhesion of curcumin and the TAE, determined by rheological measurements. Contrastingly, both the TAE and curcumin combined with bismuth subsalicylate had an additive relationship, which means that there is no pharmacological interaction. This agrees with the normalized isobolograms obtained for each combination. The results of this study suggest that mucoadhesion of curcumin and the TAE could interfere in the effectiveness of ranitidine, and even other drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53089-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T11:03:18Z","timestamp":1573556598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mucoadhesive effect of Curcuma longa extract and curcumin decreases the ranitidine effect, but not bismuth subsalicylate on ethanol-induced ulcer model"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3630-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Orona-Ortiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9963-821X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Medina-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1892-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josu\u00e9 A.","family":"Vel\u00e1zquez-Moyado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1196-429X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Pineda-Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4662-7362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Balderas-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Josefa","family":"Bernad-Bernad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3662-9794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Tavares Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2858-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"53089_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2012.00069","volume":"3","author":"PS Fasinu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fasinu, P. 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