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For the first time, samples from the neighbourhood of a hybrid population (i.e., Mikuni Pass population) were studied. Our results indicated a significant degree of chromosomal differentiation between <jats:italic>P. sapporensis<\/jats:italic> races when comparing the number and position of the rDNA sites, as well as the heterochromatin composition and distribution obtained by C-banding and DAPI\/CMA<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> staining. Telomeric signals were usually detected at the distal and\/or subdistal position of the autosomes; however, some chromosome ends lacked signals, probably due to a low number of telomeric repeats. On the other hand, telomeric DNA sequences were found as interstitial telomeric repeats in some autosomes, which can trigger a variety of genome instability. B chromosomes were found in specimens belonging to both main races from nine out of 22 localities. Four types of X chromosomes in the X0\/XX race were identified. It was concluded that the physical mapping of rDNA sequences and heterochromatin are useful as additional markers for understanding the phylogeographic patterns of cytogenetic differentiation in <jats:italic>P. sapporensis<\/jats:italic> populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53416-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T11:02:42Z","timestamp":1573729362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cytogenetic markers reveal a reinforcement of variation in the tension zone between chromosome races in the brachypterous grasshopper Podisma sapporensis Shir. on Hokkaido Island"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1222-8857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Grzywacz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8847-8874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haruki","family":"Tatsuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7259-3103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander G.","family":"Bugrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Warcha\u0142owska-\u015aliwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"53416_CR1","unstructured":"White, M. 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