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Hyperventilation is a user-controlled breathing maneuver that has a significant impact on coronary function and hemodynamics. Thus, we aimed to investigate if the heart rate response to hyperventilation (HRR<jats:sub>HV<\/jats:sub>) can provide clinically useful information. A pooled analysis of the HRR<jats:sub>HV<\/jats:sub> after 60\u2009s of hyperventilation was conducted in 282 participants including healthy controls; patients with heart failure (HF); coronary artery disease (CAD); a combination of both; or patients suspected of CAD but with a normal angiogram. Hyperventilation significantly increased heart rate in all groups, although healthy controls aged 55 years and older (15\u2009\u00b1\u20099\u2009bpm) had a larger HRR<jats:sub>HV<\/jats:sub> than each of the disease groups (HF: 6\u2009\u00b1\u20096, CAD: 8\u2009\u00b1\u20098, CAD+\/HF+: 6\u2009\u00b1\u20094, and CAD\u2212\/HF\u2212: 8\u2009\u00b1\u20096\u2009bpm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No significant differences were found between disease groups. The HRR<jats:sub>HV<\/jats:sub> may serve as an easily measurable additional marker of cardiovascular health. Future studies should test its diagnostic potential as a simple, inexpensive pre-screening test to improve patient selection for other diagnostic exams.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54375-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T11:03:10Z","timestamp":1575025390000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Hyperventilation-induced heart rate response as a potential marker for cardiovascular disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Selwynne M.","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik P.","family":"Guensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias G.","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Vinco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gobinath","family":"Nadeshalingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois-Pierre","family":"Mongeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hillier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline A.","family":"Flewitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balthasar","family":"Eberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7765-4550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kady","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"54375_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.061","volume":"228","author":"MY van der Ende","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Ende, M. 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These rights have been transferred to Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, Calgary, A.B., Canada in 2018. M.G.F. is board member, consultant, and shareholder of Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, Calgary, A.B., Canada. All other authors declare no potential conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"17887"}}