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Our aim was to study if treatment of FH also could affect risk of lifestyle-related cancer. We presented cumulative incidence of total cancer and lifestyle-related cancer sites in individuals with genetically verified FH (n\u2009=\u20095531) compared with age and sex matched controls (n\u2009=\u2009108354). Individuals with FH had 20% lower risk of smoking-related cancer compared with the control population [HR 0.80 (95% CI, 0.65\u20130.98)], in particular men with FH at 40\u201369 years at age of diagnosis with HR 0.69 (95% CI, 0.49\u20130.97). The FH population and controls had similar rates of total cancer [HR 0.97 (95% CI, 0.86\u20131.09)], cancer related to poor diet [HR 0.82 (95% CI, 0.59\u20131.15)], cancer related to physical inactivity [HR 0.93 (95% CI, 0.73\u20131.18)], alcohol-related cancer [HR 0.98 (95% CI, 0.80\u20131.22)] and cancer related to obesity [HR 1.03 (95% CI, 0.89\u20131.21)]. In summary, we found reduced risk of smoking-related cancer in individuals with FH, most likely due to a lower prevalence of smoking. Implications of these findings can be increased motivation and thus compliance to treatment of hypercholesterolemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55682-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T11:02:49Z","timestamp":1576580569000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Lower risk of smoking-related cancer in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia compared with controls: a prospective matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Henriette W.","family":"Krogh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karianne","family":"Svendsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jannicke","family":"Igland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liv J.","family":"Mundal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten B.","family":"Holven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin P.","family":"Bogsrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trond P.","family":"Leren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjetil","family":"Retterst\u00f8l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"55682_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw106","volume":"37","author":"MF Piepoli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piepoli, M. F. et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The sixth joint task force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts). Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J. 37, 2315\u20132381 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"55682_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw028","volume":"37","author":"M Benn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Benn, M., Watts, G. F., Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. & Nordestgaard, B. G. Mutations causative of familial hypercholesterolaemia: screening of 98 098 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study estimated a prevalence of 1 in 217. 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Dr. Svendsen reports grants from Mills DA (Vita hjertego\u2019) and a pharmacy interest organization (Stiftelsen til fremme av norsk apotekfarmasi) and personal fees from California Walnut Commission and MedXplore, outside the submitted work. Dr. Bogsrud reports personal fees from Amgen, Sanofi-Aventis, Bristol-Myers Squibb and grants from Kaneka, Mills DA, outside the submitted work. Professor Holven reports grants from Tine SA, Mills DA, Olympic Seafood, Kaneka grants and personal fees from Amgen and personal fees from Sanofi and personal fees from Pronova, outside the submitted work. Professor Retterst\u00f8l reports personal fees from Amgen, Mills DA, The Norwegian Directorate of Health, Sanofi, Takeda, Chiesi, Bayer, MSD, MedXplore, Sunnovion and other from The Norwegian Medical Association outside the submitted work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19273"}}