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The critical element in these systems is a diode, which can respond to the changes in electrical polarity in the optical frequency. By considering trade-off relationship between current density and asymmetry of IV characteristic, we reveal the efficiency limitations of MIM diodes for the optical rectenna and suggest a novel tunnel diode using a double insulator with an oxygen-non-stoichiometry controlled homointerface structure (MO<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\/MO<jats:sub>x\u2212y<\/jats:sub>). A double-insulator diode composed of Pt\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/TiO<jats:sub>1.4<\/jats:sub>\/Ti, in which a natural oxide layer of TiO<jats:sub>1.4<\/jats:sub> is formed by annealing under atmosphere. The diode has as high-current-density of 4.6\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u2009A\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, which is 400 times higher than the theoretical one obtained using Pt\/TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/Ti MIM diodes. In addition, a high-asymmetry of 7.3 is realized simultaneously. These are expected to increase the optical rectenna efficiency by more than 1,000 times, compared to the state-of-the art system. Further, by optimizing the thickness of the double insulator layer, it is demonstrated that this diode can attain a current density of 10<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\u2009A\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and asymmetry of 9.0, which are expected to increase the optical rectenna efficiency by 10,000.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55898-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]],"date-time":"2019-12-23T11:03:17Z","timestamp":1577098997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["High-current density and high-asymmetry MIIM diode based on oxygen-non-stoichiometry controlled homointerface structure for optical rectenna"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Matsuura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Yugami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"55898_CR1","unstructured":"Brown, W. 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