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Here, we investigated Th17, Treg and IgA responses, and alterations in gut microbiota in two mouse lines with varying susceptibility to\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia muris<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Infected BALB\/c mice shed significantly more cysts compared with C57BL\/6 mice. Impaired control of infection in BALB\/c mice was associated with lower Th17 activity and lower IgA levels compared with C57BL\/6 mice. The limited metabolic activity, proliferation and cytokine production of Th17 cells in BALB\/c mice was associated with higher proportions of intestinal Foxp3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ROR\u03b3t\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    regulatory T cells and BALB\/c mice developed increased ROR\u03b3t\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Treg:Th17 ratios in response to\n                    <jats:italic>G. muris<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Furthermore,\n                    <jats:italic>G. muris<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization led to a significantly reduced evenness in the gut microbial communities of BALB\/c mice. Our data indicate that differential susceptibility to\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections may be related to ROR\u03b3t\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Treg controlling Th17 activity and that changes in the microbiota composition upon\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection partially depend on the host background.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56416-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]],"date-time":"2019-12-30T06:02:44Z","timestamp":1577685764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["ROR\u03b3t+ Treg to Th17 ratios correlate with susceptibility to Giardia infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4119-7308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivet A.","family":"Yordanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Klotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja A.","family":"K\u00fchl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus M.","family":"Heimesaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6863-2950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cinzia","family":"Cantacessi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Rausch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"56416_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001920","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001920","volume":"12","author":"Paul R. 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