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Their role in gastroenteritis is controversial, as they have been identified in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. The aim of the study was to investigate novel HAstV in a gastroenteritis case-control study including a pediatric population in Spain over a one-year period. We included stool samples from patients with gastroenteritis and negative results for viruses screened by routine diagnostics, and stool samples of control subjects who sought for a routine medical consultation. All samples were screened by real-time RT-PCR assays for novel HAstV. An additional screening for rotavirus, norovirus GI, GII, sapovirus, classic HAstV and adenovirus was also performed for the control group. Overall, 23\/363 stool samples from case patients (6.3%) and 8\/199 stool samples from control patients (4%) were positive for \u22651 novel HAstV. MLB1 was predominant (64.5% of positives). Seasonality was observed for the case group (p\u2009=\u20090.015), but not the control group (p\u2009=\u20090.95). No difference was observed in the prevalence of novel HAstV between the case and control groups (OR 1.78, 95% CI 0.68\u20135.45; p\u2009=\u20090.30). Nevertheless, MLB genome copy numbers\/ml of fecal suspension was significantly higher in the control group than in the case group (p\u2009=\u20090.008). In our study, we identified a lack of association between novel HAstV and gastroenteritis in the studied population, which could indicate a potential role of reservoir for children, especially given the higher viral load observed in the asymptomatic group for some of them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58691-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T11:02:47Z","timestamp":1580814167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A Spanish case-control study in &lt;5 year-old children reveals the lack of association between MLB and VA astrovirus and diarrhea"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Diem-Lan","family":"Vu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"Sabri\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Aregall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Michl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaume","family":"Sabri\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Rodriguez Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1471-4461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia","family":"Goterris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Pint\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1588-3198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Guix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"58691_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00013-14","volume":"27","author":"A Bosch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bosch, A., Pinto, R. 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