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Cataract surgery patients were identified using the diagnostic and procedural codes for International Classification of Diseases, 9<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> Revision, Clinical Modification from Taiwan\u2019s National Health Insurance Research Database. ESRD patients were selected as cases, while propensity scores for age, sex, comorbidities and year-of-surgery-matched patients without chronic kidney disease constituted the controls. Patients who had undergone eye surgery within 3 years before cataract surgery were excluded. The main outcome measures were target cataract surgery-related complications within 3 months after surgery. A total of 352 cases and 1,760 controls were analysed. Patients with ESRD had a 5.06-fold (95% CI: 2.36\u201310.87; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) risk of vitreous haemorrhage and a 2.74-fold (95% CI: 1.20\u20136.27; p\u2009=\u20090.017) risk of re-operation for dropped nucleus or vitreous complications. Non-diabetic ESRD patients had a 3.49-fold (95% CI: 1.36\u20138.91; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) risk of corneal oedema. In conclusion, ESRD patients have a higher risk of vitreous haemorrhage, re-operation for dropped nucleus or vitreous complications and corneal oedema (non-diabetic patients) after cataract surgery. Pre-surgery corneal examination, surgery procedure and medication adjustment, closer and longer post-surgery follow-up may lower the risk and improve the visual outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59160-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T11:03:42Z","timestamp":1581073422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cataract surgery-related complications in patients with end-stage renal disease- a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ching-Hsing","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fu-Wen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Han","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jhi-Joung","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Hsi","family":"Hsing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9788-2948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Chun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"59160_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.02.024","volume":"118","author":"JD Stein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stein, J. 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