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This association occurs following nuclear and granular membrane disintegration, allowing contact with the decondensed chromatin. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that the DNA can also mix with miRNAs and carry them in NETs. Here, we report for the first time the presence of the miRNA carriers associated with NETs and miRNAs present in NET-enriched supernatants (NET-miRs), thus adding a novel class of molecules and new proteins that can be released and transported in the NET platform. We observed that the majority of NET-miRs were common to all four stimuli used (PMA, interleukin-8, amyloid fibrils and\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and that miRNA-142-3p carried by NETs down-modulates protein kinase C\u03b1 and regulates TNF-\u03b1 production in macrophages upon NET interaction with these cells. Our findings unveil a novel role for NETs in the cell communication processes, allowing the conveyance of miRNA from neutrophils to neighboring cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59486-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T06:07:02Z","timestamp":1581919622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Neutrophil extracellular trap-enriched supernatants carry microRNAs able to modulate TNF-\u03b1 production by macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8246-3866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandra","family":"Linhares-Lacerda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jairo Ramos","family":"Temerozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Ribeiro-Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estefania P.","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Mojoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle T. 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