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In this study, we conducted a large survey of ticks in French Guiana to understand the overall diversity of <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> in this remote area largely covered by dense rainforests. Out of 819 individuals (22 tick species in six genera), 252 (30.8%) samples were positive for <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> infection. Multilocus typing and phylogenetic analysis identified 19 <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> genotypes, but none was 100% identical to already known <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> species or strains. Among these 19 genotypes, we identified two validated <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> species, <jats:italic>Rickettsia amblyommatis<\/jats:italic> (spotted fever group) and <jats:italic>Rickettsia bellii<\/jats:italic> (bellii group), and characterized a novel and divergent <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> phylogenetic group, the guiana group. While some tick hosts of these <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> genotypes are among the most common ticks to bite humans in French Guiana, their potential pathogenicity remains entirely unknown. However, we found a strong association between <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> genotypes and their host tick species, suggesting that most of these <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> genotypes may be nonpathogenic forms maintained through transovarial transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59488-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T11:03:11Z","timestamp":1581591791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Novel Rickettsia genotypes in ticks in French Guiana, South America"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2684-8742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Binetruy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Buysse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxanne","family":"Barosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Duron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"59488_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weinert, L. 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