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However, the impact of short-term use of K\/X mixture and its influences on data interpretation have rarely been discussed. In this study, we administered one shot of a K\/X mixture and examined acute hepatic responses using biochemical analysis, histopathological examination, and non-invasive imaging to determine the delay required prior to further assessment of the liver to avoid confounding effects triggered by anaesthesia. After the K\/X injection, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum was significantly elevated from 3 to 48\u2009h. Obstructed sinusoidal circulation lasting for 24 or 36\u2009h was revealed by DCE-MRI and drug distribution analysis, respectively. Metabolic alterations were detected at 3\u2009h by NMR analysis and FDG-PET. Moreover, ultrasonography showed that lipid droplet accumulation increased from 1 to 16\u2009h and declined thereafter. Taken together, our findings show that the K\/X mixture induces acute hepatotoxicity and metabolic disturbance, and these disturbances cause hemodynamical disorders in the liver. The required time interval for recovery from K\/X impact was dependent on the chosen assay. It took at least 16\u2009h for metabolic recovery and 36\u2009h for recovery of sinusoidal circulation. However, the liver was not fully recovered from the injury within 48\u2009h.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60347-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T11:04:32Z","timestamp":1582801472000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multimodal imaging reveals transient liver metabolic disturbance and sinusoidal circulation obstruction after a single administration of ketamine\/xylazine mixture"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1671-4863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang-Hsin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching-Fang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gigin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Chieh","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huang-Ping","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning-Fang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"60347_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12099","volume":"19","author":"G Mion","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mion, G. & Villevieille, T. 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