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Periodontal samples from two susceptible, two resistant and two lines that showed bone formation after periodontal infection were collected during infection and na\u00efve status. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in a case-control and case-only design. After infection, eleven protein-coding genes were significantly stronger expressed in resistant CC lines compared to susceptible ones. Of these, the most upregulated genes were <jats:italic>MMP20<\/jats:italic> (P\u2009=\u20090.001), <jats:italic>RSPO4<\/jats:italic> (P\u2009=\u20090.032), <jats:italic>CALB1<\/jats:italic> (P\u2009=\u20091.06\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>), and <jats:italic>AMTN<\/jats:italic> (P\u2009=\u20090.05). In addition, human orthologous of candidate genes were tested for their association in a case-controls samples of aggressive (AgP) and chronic (CP) periodontitis (5,095 cases, 9,908 controls). In this analysis, variants at two loci, <jats:italic>TTLL11\/PTGS1<\/jats:italic> (rs9695213, P\u2009=\u20095.77\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>) and <jats:italic>RNASE2<\/jats:italic> (rs2771342, P\u2009=\u20092.84\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>) suggested association with both AgP and CP. In the association analysis with AgP only, the most significant associations were located at the HLA loci HLA-<jats:italic>DQH1<\/jats:italic> (rs9271850, P\u2009=\u20092.52\u00d710<jats:sup>\u221214<\/jats:sup>) and HLA-<jats:italic>DPA1<\/jats:italic> (rs17214512, P\u2009=\u20095.14\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>). This study demonstrates the utility of the CC RIL populations as a suitable model to investigate the mechanism of periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61819-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T11:02:44Z","timestamp":1584442964000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Translation of mouse model to human gives insights into periodontitis etiology"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Aysar","family":"Nashef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4728-3357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munz","family":"Matthias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ervin","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno G.","family":"Loos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Jepsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"van der Velde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7276-3387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 G.","family":"Uitterlinden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Wellmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6573-983X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Laudes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Lieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1530-5811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andre","family":"Franke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Dommisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5816-6765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Houri-Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5525-206X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuad A.","family":"Iraqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"61819_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512447951","volume":"91","author":"K Divaris","year":"2012","unstructured":"Divaris, K. et al. 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