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The soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux is the sum of biotic respiration and abiotic geochemical CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exchange; however, little is known about abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fluxes in arid areas. To investigate the relative contribution of abiotic and biotic soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fluxes over a diurnal course, the abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux was distinguished by autoclaving sterilization in both saline and alkaline soils at an arid site in northwestern China. The results demonstrated that: (1) Over the diurnal course, the abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was a significant component of the soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux in both saline and alkaline soil, which accounted for more than 56% of the diurnal soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux. (2) There was a dramatic difference in the temperature response between biotic and abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fluxes: the response curves of biotic respiration were exponential in the saline soil and quadratic in the alkaline soil, while the abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux was linearly correlated with soil temperature. They were of similar magnitude but with opposite signs: resulting in almost neutral carbon emissions on daily average. (3) Due to this covering up effect of the abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux, biotic respiration was severely underestimated (directly measured soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux was only one-seventh of the biotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux in saline soil, and even an order of magnitude lower in alkaline soil). In addition, the soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux masked the temperature-inhibition of biotic respiration in the alkaline soil, and veiled the differences in soil biological respiration between the saline and alkaline soils. Hence, the soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux may not be an ideal representative of soil respiration in arid soil. Our study calls for a reappraisal of the definition of the soil CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux and its temperature dependence in arid or saline\/alkaline land. Further investigations of abiotic CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fluxes are needed to improve our understanding of arid land responses to global warming and to assist in identifying the underlying abiotic mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62209-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T11:03:32Z","timestamp":1585134212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Biotic and Abiotic Contribution to Diurnal Soil CO2 Fluxes from Saline\/Alkaline Soils"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zhong-Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang-Bo","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Gang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"62209_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00008.x.","volume":"1","author":"DS Schimel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schimel, D. 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