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ATX and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-\u03b2) in the aqueous humor were quantified in PSS patients. The expression of ATX and TGF-\u03b2 in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected-human trabecular meshwork (hTM) cells was examined. Biological changes in hTM cells and monkey Schlemm\u2019s canal endothelial (SCE) cells cultured in the conditioned medium of CMV-infected hTM cells were analyzed. The expression of ATX and TGF-\u03b21 was upregulated in the aqueous humor of CMV-positive PSS patients, and the level of ATX in the aqueous humor was positively correlated with IOP. CMV infection upregulated ATX and TGF-\u03b21 in hTM cells. The conditioned medium induced fibrotic changes in hTM cells and reduced SCE permeability, which was attenuated by an ATX inhibitor, a lysophosphatidic acid receptor antagonist, and a Rho kinase inhibitor. ATX in the aqueous humor induced by CMV infection may trigger elevated IOP. Modulating ATX activity may be a novel treatment modality for PSS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63284-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T10:02:56Z","timestamp":1586858576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Involvement of autotaxin in the pathophysiology of elevated intraocular pressure in Posner-Schlossman syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nozomi","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Honjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reiko","family":"Yamagishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Kurano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Yatomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshikatsu","family":"Kaburaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6810-0583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Aihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"63284_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081224","volume":"90","author":"HA Quigley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Quigley, H. 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