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However, we just recently showed, employing the chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) paradigm, that bite wounds received during stressor exposure drive these stress-induced spleen changes. As skin wounds induced by planned surgery or physical trauma are more adequately reflecting what chronically stressed humans are likely to experience, it was the objective of the present study to investigate whether abdominal surgery prior to stressor exposure also promotes respective stress-induced spleen effects in the absence of any bite wounds. In line with our hypothesis, abdominal surgery prior to CSC induced splenomegaly, increased <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cell viability under basal and LPS conditions as well as the delta response to LPS (LPS \u2013 basal), and promoted the inability of isolated splenocytes to respond with a decreased cell viability to increasing concentrations of corticosterone following LPS-stimulation <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Together with previous data, these findings demonstrate that physical injury, either in form of received bite wounds during stressor exposure or in form of abdominal surgery prior to stressor exposure, promotes the development of splenic immune activation and GC resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63419-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T10:27:15Z","timestamp":1587724035000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Abdominal surgery prior to chronic psychosocial stress promotes spleen cell (re)activity and glucocorticoid resistance"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Foertsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Langgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1583-7618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan O.","family":"Reber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"63419_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15897-2","volume":"7","author":"S Foertsch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Foertsch, S. et al. 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