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Probiotic lactobacilli are explored as alternatives to azole treatments. Although the vaginal microbiota is generally not depleted in lactobacilli during VVC, studies indicate that the functionality and antimicrobial activity of the lactobacilli is impaired. We selected three strains from the\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    genus complex (\n                    <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    GG,\n                    <jats:italic>L. pentosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    KCA1 and\n                    <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    WCFS1) based on\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    evaluation and formulated them in a gel for vaginal application. This gel was evaluated in 20 patients suffering from acute VVC, who were followed for four weeks including a 10-day treatment period. The microbiome was assessed through\n                    <jats:italic>16S rRNA<\/jats:italic>\n                    (bacteria) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS; fungi) amplicon sequencing, supplemented with quantitative PCR, culture and microscopy for\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    evaluation. 45% of women did not require rescue medication (3\u00d7200\u2009mg fluconazole), implying an improvement of their symptoms. These women showed similar end concentrations of fungi as women treated with fluconazole. Moreover, fluconazole appeared to reduce numbers of endogenous lactobacilli. Our study points towards important aspects for future selection of lactobacilli for probiotic use in VVC and the need to investigate possible negative influences of azoles on the vaginal bacterial community.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64705-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T06:03:18Z","timestamp":1589436198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Impact of a lactobacilli-containing gel on vulvovaginal candidosis and the vaginal microbiome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Eline F. 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I.C. and T.H. were employed at UAntwerp at the time of the study, but are currently working at the R&D department of Yun NV, a start-up company resulting from this research (\n                      \n                      ). Based on the data presented here, YUN NV has selected and formulated three LGC strains, <i>L. pentosus<\/i> YUN-V1.0, <i>L. plantarum<\/i> YUN-V2.0 and <i>L. rhamnosus<\/i> YUN-S1.0 in their VGN product.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7976"}}