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Here, we report on the widespread infection by a non-described <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> species in passerine-associated ticks in tropical rainforests of French Guiana, South America. This novel <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> species is common in two tick species, <jats:italic>Amblyomma longirostre<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. geayi<\/jats:italic>, which feed on a broad variety of neotropical mammal and bird species, including migratory species moving to North America. The novel <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> species is divergent from the LD and RF species, and is more closely related to the reptile- and echidna-associated <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> group that was recently described. Genome sequencing showed that this novel <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> sp. has a relatively small genome consisting of a 0.9-Mb-large chromosome and an additional 0.3\u2009Mb dispersed on plasmids. It harbors an RF-like genomic organization but with a unique mixture of LD- and RF-specific genes, including genes used by RF <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> for the multiphasic antigen-switching system and a number of immune-reactive protein genes used for the diagnosis of LD. Overall, our data indicate that this novel <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> is an intermediate taxon between the LD and RF species that may impact a large host spectrum, including American mammals. The designation \u201c<jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic> Borrelia mahuryensis\u201d is proposed for this species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66828-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T10:03:57Z","timestamp":1593511437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["A novel Borrelia species, intermediate between Lyme disease and relapsing fever groups, in neotropical passerine-associated ticks"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Binetruy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Garnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Boulanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9milie","family":"Talagrand-Reboul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"Loire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Faivre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"No\u00ebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Buysse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Duron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"66828_CR1","unstructured":"Ogden, N. 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