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It was also presented as a novel approach to healing wounds in both <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> experiments. We aimed to examine the first randomized clinical trial for the use of CAP in diabetic foot ulcers. Patients (n\u2009=\u200944) were randomly double-blinded, and assigned to receive standard care (SC, n\u2009=\u200922) without or with CAP, to be applied three times a week for three consecutive weeks (SC\u2009+\u2009CAP, n\u2009=\u200922), using block randomization with mixing block sizes of four. The trial was conducted at the Diabetes Research Center in Tehran, Iran. CAP was generated from ionized helium gas in ambient air, and driven by a high voltage (10\u2009kV) and high frequency (6\u2009kHz) power supply. Primary outcomes were wound size, number of cases reaching wound size of &lt;0.5, and a bacterial load after over three weeks of treatment. CAP treatment effectively reduced the fraction of wound size (p\u2009=\u20090.02). After three weeks, the wounds to reach fraction wound size of \u22640.5 was significantly greater in the SC\u2009+\u2009CAP group (77.3%) compared to the SC group (36.4%) (p\u2009=\u20090.006). The mean fraction of bacterial load counted in each session \u2018after CAP exposure\u2019 was significantly less than \u2018before exposure\u2019 measures. CAP can be an efficient method to accelerate wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers, with immediate antiseptic effects that do not seem to last long.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67232-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1593165839000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Cold atmospheric plasma as an effective method to treat diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Shahriar","family":"Mirpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Fathollah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvin","family":"Mansouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4012-1136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bagher","family":"Larijani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Ghoranneviss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Mohajeri Tehrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"67232_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.09.040","volume":"113","author":"P Balakumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Balakumar, P., Maung-U, K. & Jagadeesh, G. 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