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Studying plants and other natural materials used in historical infection remedies may enable further discoveries to help fill the antibiotic discovery gap. We previously reconstructed a 1,000-year-old remedy containing onion, garlic, wine, and bile salts, known as \u2018Bald\u2019s eyesalve\u2019, and showed it had promising antibacterial activity. In this current paper, we have found this bactericidal activity extends to a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive wound pathogens in planktonic culture and, crucially, that this activity is maintained against\n                    <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    in a soft-tissue wound biofilm model. While the presence of garlic in the mixture can explain the activity against planktonic cultures, garlic has no activity against biofilms. We have found the potent anti-biofilm activity of Bald\u2019s eyesalve cannot be attributed to a single ingredient and requires the combination of all ingredients to achieve full activity. Our work highlights the need to explore not only single compounds but also mixtures of natural products for treating biofilm infections and underlines the importance of working with biofilm models when exploring natural products for the anti-biofilm pipeline.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69273-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T06:04:50Z","timestamp":1595916290000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Anti-biofilm efficacy of a medieval treatment for bacterial infection requires the combination of multiple ingredients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Furner-Pardoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blessing O.","family":"Anonye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricky","family":"Cain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Moat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Ortori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Corre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freya","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"69273_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00270-4","volume":"15","author":"A Teillant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teillant, A., Gandra, S., Barter, D., Morgan, D. 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