{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:05:13Z","timestamp":1787497513818,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2017R1A6A1A03015642"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1A6A1A03015642"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07050508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07050508"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Myricetin\u2014a flavonoid capable of inhibiting the SNARE complex formation in neurons\u2014reduces focal sweating after skin-application when delivers as encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (M-LNPs). The stability of M-LNP enables efficient delivery of myricetin to sudomotor nerves located underneath sweat glands through transappendageal pathways while free myricetin just remained on the skin. Furthermore, release of myricetin from M-LNP is accelerated through lipase-\/esterase-induced lipolysis in the skin-appendages, enabling uptake of myricetin by the surrounding cells. The amount of sweat is reduced by 55% after application of M-LNP (0.8\u00a0mg kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) on the mouse footpad. This is comparable to that of subcutaneously injected anticholinergic agents [0.25\u00a0mg kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    glycopyrrolate; 0.8 U kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    botulinum neurotoxin-A-type (BoNT\/A)]. M-LNP neither shows a distal effect after skin-application nor induced cellular\/ocular toxicity. In conclusion, M-LNP is an efficient skin-applicable antiperspirant. SNARE-inhibitory small molecules with suitable delivery systems have the potential to replace many BoNT\/A interventions for which self-applications are preferred.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69985-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T06:04:15Z","timestamp":1596521055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Reduction of focal sweating by lipid nanoparticle-delivered myricetin"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Choongjin","family":"Ban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon-Bum","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sora","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Rin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Joon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Jin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woo-Jae","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae-Hyuk","family":"Kweon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"69985_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1040708","volume":"172","author":"A Haider","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haider, A. & Solish, N. Focal hyperhidrosis: Diagnosis and management. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 172, 69\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/cmaj.1040708 (2005).","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"69985_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.040","volume":"51","author":"DR Strutton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Strutton, D. R., Kowalski, J. W., Glaser, D. A. & Stang, P. E. US prevalence of hyperhidrosis and impact on individuals with axillary hyperhidrosis: Results from a national survey. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 51, 241\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.040 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2007.33192.x","volume":"33","author":"N Solish","year":"2007","unstructured":"Solish, N. et al. A comprehensive approach to the recognition, diagnosis, and severity-based treatment of focal hyperhidrosis: Recommendations of the Canadian Hyperhidrosis Advisory Committee. Dermatol. Surg. 33, 908\u2013923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2007.33192.x (2007).","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"69985_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.4065\/80.5.657","volume":"80","author":"JH Eisenach","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eisenach, J. H., Atkinson, J. L. D. & Fealey, R. D. Hyperhidrosis: Evolving therapies for a well-established phenomenon. Mayo Clin. Proc. 80, 657\u2013666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4065\/80.5.657 (2005).","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"69985_CR5","first-page":"703","volume":"321","author":"M Klaber","year":"2000","unstructured":"Klaber, M. & Catterall, M. Treating hyperhidrosis. Anticholinergic drugs were not mentioned. BMJ 321, 703\u2013703 (2000).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"69985_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.46518.x","volume":"146","author":"G McCleane","year":"2002","unstructured":"McCleane, G. The use of intravenous phentolamine mesilate in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. Br. J. Dermatol. 146, 533\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.46518.x (2002).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200001000-00013","volume":"93","author":"EM Torch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Torch, E. M. Remission of facial and scalp hyperhidrosis with clonidine hydrochloride and topical aluminum chloride. South. Med. J. 93, 68\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007611-200001000-00013 (2000).","journal-title":"South. Med. J."},{"key":"69985_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660310093022","volume":"123","author":"WD James","year":"1987","unstructured":"James, W. D., Schoomaker, E. B. & Rodman, O. G. Emotional eccrine sweating: A heritable disorder. JAMA Dermatol. 123, 925\u2013929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660310093022 (1987).","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04653.x","volume":"110","author":"E H\u00f6lzle","year":"1984","unstructured":"H\u00f6lzle, E. & Braun-Falco, O. Structural changes in axillary eccrine glands following long-term treatment with aluminium chloride hexahydrate solution. Br. J. Dermatol. 110, 399\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04653.x (1984).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.1998.00356.x","volume":"23","author":"DC Seukeran","year":"1998","unstructured":"Seukeran, D. C. & Highet, A. S. The use of topical glycopyrrolate in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 23, 204\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2230.1998.00356.x (1998).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.118341","volume":"46","author":"U Wollina","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wollina, U., Karamfilov, T. & Konrad, H. High-dose botulinum toxin type A therapy for axillary hyperhidrosis markedly prolongs the relapse-free interval. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 46, 536\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mjd.2002.118341 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.012658","volume":"69","author":"M Pirazzini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pirazzini, M., Rossetto, O., Eleopra, R. & Montecucco, C. Botulinum neurotoxins: Biology, pharmacology, and toxicology. Pharmacol. Rev. 69, 200\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/pr.116.012658 (2017).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"69985_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16781","volume":"179","author":"MC Issa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Issa, M. C., Torre\u00e3o, S. P., Boechat, M. & Luiz, R. Early investigations in drug delivery of on a botulinum toxin A using combined fractional ablative laser with impact ultrasound versus injections of on a botulinum toxin A for palmar hyperhidrosis: A right-left comparison trial. Br. J. Dermatol. 179, 1168\u20131169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.16781 (2018).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e314","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14864","volume":"32","author":"M Aleissa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aleissa, M. et al. Focal facial hyperhidrosis associated with internal carotid artery dissection successfully treated with botulinum toxin A. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 32, e314\u2013e316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.14864 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"69985_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2755","volume":"98","author":"SE Mirkovic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mirkovic, S. E., Rystedt, A., Balling, M. & Swartling, C. Hyperhidrosis substantially reduces quality of life in children: A retrospective study describing symptoms, consequences and treatment with totulinum toxin. Acta Derm. Venereol. 98, 103\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555-2755 (2018).","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"69985_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2009.0032","volume":"106","author":"T Schlereth","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schlereth, T., Dieterich, M. & Birklein, F. Hyperhidrosis\u2014Causes and treatment of enhanced sweating. Dtsch. \u00c4rztebl. Int. 106, 32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2009.0032 (2009).","journal-title":"Dtsch. \u00c4rztebl. Int."},{"key":"69985_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4512","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b13449","volume":"138","author":"P Heo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heo, P. et al. A chemical controller of SNARE-driven membrane fusion that primes vesicles for Ca2+-triggered millisecond exocytosis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138, 4512\u20134521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.5b13449 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"69985_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22145","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006899108","volume":"107","author":"Y Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. Dissection of SNARE-driven membrane fusion and neuroexocytosis by wedging small hydrophobic molecules into the SNARE zipper. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107, 22145\u201322150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1006899108 (2010).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"69985_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.08.111","volume":"465","author":"Y Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. Dynamic light scattering analysis of SNARE-driven membrane fusion and the effects of SNARE-binding flavonoids. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 465, 864\u2013870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.08.111 (2015).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"69985_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1280385","volume":"78","author":"Y Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. SNARE-wedging polyphenols as small molecular botox. Planta Med. 78, 233\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0031-1280385 (2012).","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"69985_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00093","volume":"10","author":"P Heo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heo, P., Park, J.-B., Shin, Y.-K. & Kweon, D.-H. Visualization of SNARE-mediated hemifusion between giant unilamellar vesicles arrested by myricetin. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 10, 93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00093 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"69985_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.22.111401.144957","volume":"22","author":"JA Ross","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ross, J. A. & Kasum, C. M. Dietary flavonoids: Bioavailability, metabolic effects, and safety. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 22, 19\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.nutr.22.111401.144957 (2002).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"69985_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.10.003","volume":"366","author":"J Pardeike","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pardeike, J., Hommoss, A. & M\u00fcller, R. H. Lipid nanoparticles (SLN, NLC) in cosmetic and pharmaceutical dermal products. Int. J. Pharm. 366, 170\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.10.003 (2009).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"69985_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8033","DOI":"10.1021\/jf901682m","volume":"57","author":"T Helgason","year":"2009","unstructured":"Helgason, T. et al. Impact of surfactant properties on oxidative stability of \u03b2-carotene encapsulated within solid lipid nanoparticles. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57, 8033\u20138040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jf901682m (2009).","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"69985_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1039\/C1FO10193E","volume":"3","author":"DJ McClements","year":"2012","unstructured":"McClements, D. J. & Xiao, H. Potential biological fate of ingested nanoemulsions: Influence of particle characteristics. Food Funct. 3, 202\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C1FO10193E (2012).","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"69985_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2008.11.002","volume":"157","author":"E Da Silva","year":"2009","unstructured":"Da Silva, E., Bresson, S. & Rousseau, D. Characterization of the three major polymorphic forms and liquid state of tristearin by Raman spectroscopy. Chem. Phys. Lipids 157, 113\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2008.11.002 (2009).","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"69985_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4005","DOI":"10.1021\/la062904p","volume":"23","author":"H Bunjes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bunjes, H., Steiniger, F. & Richter, W. Visualizing the structure of triglyceride nanoparticles in different crystal modifications. Langmuir 23, 4005\u20134011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/la062904p (2007).","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"69985_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11557","DOI":"10.1021\/jf503489v","volume":"62","author":"C Ban","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ban, C., Lim, S., Chang, P. & Choi, Y. J. Enhancing the stability of lipid nanoparticle systems by sonication during the cooling step and controlling the liquid oil content. J. Agric. Food Chem. 62, 11557\u201311567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jf503489v (2014).","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"69985_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1262-8","volume":"109","author":"LG Madeira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Madeira, L. G. et al. Sex-related differences in sweat gland cholinergic sensitivity exist irrespective of differences in aerobic capacity. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 109, 93\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-009-1262-8 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"69985_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.029","volume":"51","author":"J Hornberger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hornberger, J. et al. Recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of primary focal hyperhidrosis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 51, 274\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.029 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2015","volume":"6","author":"DW Nebert","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nebert, D. W. & Dalton, T. P. The role of cytochrome P450 enzymes in endogenous signalling pathways and environmental carcinogenesis. Nat. Rev. Cancer 6, 947\u2013960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc2015 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"69985_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2013.07.013","volume":"409\u2013415","author":"FPW Radner","year":"1841","unstructured":"Radner, F. P. W. & Fischer, J. The important role of epidermal triacylglycerol metabolism for maintenance of the skin permeability barrier function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 409\u2013415, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbalip.2013.07.013 (1841).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"69985_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1021\/bm300545b","volume":"13","author":"Y Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. Effect of size, surface charge, and hydrophobicity of poly (amidoamine) dendrimers on their skin penetration. Biomacromol 13, 2154\u20132162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bm300545b (2012).","journal-title":"Biomacromol"},{"key":"69985_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a2e8b8","volume":"72","author":"CH Gibbons","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gibbons, C. H., Illigens, B. M. W., Wang, N. & Freeman, R. Quantification of sweat gland innervation: A clinical-pathologic correlation. Neurology 72, 1479\u20131486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a2e8b8 (2009).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"69985_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15808","volume":"178","author":"Y Hu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hu, Y., Converse, C., Lyons, M. C. & Hsu, W. H. Neural control of sweat secretion: A review. Br. J. Dermatol. 178, 1246\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.15808 (2018).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"69985_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.05.054","volume":"193","author":"Y Zhai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhai, Y. & Zhai, G. Advances in lipid-based colloid systems as drug carrier for topic delivery. J. Control. Release 193, 90\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.05.054 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"69985_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.09.017","volume":"164","author":"A Alexander","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alexander, A. et al. Approaches for breaking the barriers of drug permeation through transdermal drug delivery. J. Control. Release 164, 26\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.09.017 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"69985_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-014-1218-6","volume":"88","author":"J Eilstein","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eilstein, J. et al. Comparison of xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in ex vivo human skin and reconstructed human skin models from SkinEthic. Arch. Toxicol. 88, 1681\u20131694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00204-014-1218-6 (2014).","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"69985_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2010.02.014","volume":"75","author":"M Nassimi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nassimi, M. et al. A toxicological evaluation of inhaled solid lipid nanoparticles used as a potential drug delivery system for the lung. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 75, 107\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2010.02.014 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"69985_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.12.022","volume":"463","author":"ALR de Souza","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Souza, A. L. R. et al. In vitro evaluation of permeation, toxicity and effect of praziquantel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against Schistosoma mansoni as a strategy to improve efficacy of the schistosomiasis treatment. Int. J. Pharm. 463, 31\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.12.022 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"69985_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200700595","volume":"4","author":"N Lewinski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lewinski, N., Colvin, V. & Drezek, R. Cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. Small 4, 26\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.200700595 (2008).","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"69985_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.02.039","volume":"502","author":"JF Fangueiro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fangueiro, J. F. et al. Biopharmaceutical evaluation of epigallocatechin gallate-loaded cationic lipid nanoparticles (EGCG-LNs): In vivo, in vitro and ex vivo studies. Int. J. Pharm. 502, 161\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.02.039 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"69985_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.21817","volume":"99","author":"B Baroli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baroli, B. Penetration of nanoparticles and nanomaterials in the skin: Fiction or reality?. J. Pharm. Sci. 99, 21\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.21817 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"69985_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.146","volume":"3","author":"MA Bolzinger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bolzinger, M. A., Brian\u00e7on, S. & Chevalier, Y. Nanoparticles through the skin: Managing conflicting results of inorganic and organic particles in cosmetics and pharmaceutics. WIREs. Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. 3, 463\u2013478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wnan.146 (2011).","journal-title":"WIREs. Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"69985_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2012.04.004","volume":"9","author":"HI Labouta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Labouta, H. I. & Schneider, M. Interaction of inorganic nanoparticles with the skin barrier: Current status and critical review. Nanomedicine 9, 39\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nano.2012.04.004 (2013).","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"69985_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2910","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.106.084814","volume":"91","author":"GA Zampighi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zampighi, G. A. et al. Conical electron tomography of a chemical synapse: Vesicles docked to the active zone are hemi-fused. Biophys. J. 91, 2910\u20132918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1529\/biophysj.106.084814 (2006).","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"69985_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2007.02.007","volume":"12","author":"JL Wong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wong, J. L., Koppel, D. E., Cowan, A. E. & Wessel, G. M. Membrane hemifusion is a stable intermediate of exocytosis. Dev. Cell 12, 653\u2013659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2007.02.007 (2007).","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"69985_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200908082","volume":"188","author":"R Fern\u00e1ndez-Busnadiego","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Busnadiego, R. et al. Quantitative analysis of the native presynaptic cytomatrix by cryoelectron tomography. J. Cell Biol. 188, 145\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.200908082 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"69985_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.125619","volume":"306","author":"H Lim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lim, H., Jo, M., Ban, C. & Choi, Y. J. Interfacial and colloidal characterization of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by interface-tunable solid lipid nanoparticles. Food Chem. 306, 125619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.125619 (2020).","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"69985_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.06.137","volume":"239","author":"C Ban","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ban, C., Jo, M., Lim, S. & Choi, Y. J. Control of the gastrointestinal digestion of solid lipid nanoparticles using PEGylated emulsifiers. Food Chem. 239, 442\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.06.137 (2018).","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"69985_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41401","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41401","volume":"7","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, Y. et al. Sensory and autonomic function and structure in footpads of a diabetic mouse model. Sci. Rep. 7, 41401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep41401 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"69985_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600521210","volume":"52","author":"T Higuchi","year":"1963","unstructured":"Higuchi, T. Mechanism of sustained-action medication. Theoretical analysis of rate of release of solid drugs dispersed in solid matrices. J. Pharm. Sci. 52, 1145\u20131149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600521210 (1963).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"69985_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2019.04.010","volume":"94","author":"M Jo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jo, M., Ban, C., Goh, K. K. T. & Choi, Y. J. Influence of chitosan-coating on the stability and digestion of emulsions stabilized by waxy maize starch crystals. Food Hydrocolloids 94, 603\u2013612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2019.04.010 (2019).","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloids"},{"key":"69985_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25081829","volume":"25","author":"C Ban","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ban, C. et al. Characterization of Ginkgo biloba leaf flavonoids as neuroexocytosis regulators. Molecules 25, 1829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules25081829 (2020).","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"69985_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.05.023","volume":"490","author":"B McKenzie","year":"2015","unstructured":"McKenzie, B., Kay, G., Matthews, K. H., Knott, R. M. & Cairns, D. The hen\u2019s egg chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) test to predict the ophthalmic irritation potential of a cysteamine-containing gel: Quantification using photoshop and ImageJ. Int. J. Pharm. 490, 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.05.023 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-69985-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-69985-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-69985-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T10:12:04Z","timestamp":1670321524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-69985-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["69985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-69985-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"13132"}}