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Here we investigate the role of MAIT cells in\n                    <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    . infection and the potential for MAIT cell-targeted immunotherapy to control bacterial burdens. We find that MAIT cells fail to substantially accumulate in the lungs during murine pulmonary\n                    <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    BCG and\n                    <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    . infections but this defect is overcome by intranasal installation of a TLR2\/6 agonist and a MAIT cell antigen. Although artificially induced MAIT cells produce important cytokines in both infections, they control BCG but not\n                    <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    . growth in the lungs. Correspondingly,\n                    <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    .-infected mouse macrophages are relatively resistant to MAIT cell antimicrobial activities in vitro. Thus, MAIT cell antigen-mediated immunotherapy for\n                    <jats:italic>M. tb.<\/jats:italic>\n                    presents a complex challenge.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70615-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T06:06:55Z","timestamp":1597212415000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Artificially induced MAIT cells inhibit M. bovis BCG but not M. tuberculosis during in vivo pulmonary infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Huifeng","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Derrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Y. 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LL, JYWM, and DPF thank the Australian Research Council for a Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging grant (CE140100011) and the National Health and Medical Research Council for a fellowship (1117017). LL and DPF are inventors on a patent application (PCT\/AU2013\/000742, WO2014005194), while LL, JYWM and DPF are inventors on patent application (PCT\/AU2015\/050148, WO2015149130). The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"13579"}}