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A nationwide cohort study, which included all adult patients [n\u2009=\u20097,170; depression group, 13.3% (N\u2009=\u2009956); non-depression group, 86.7% (N\u2009=\u20096,214)] who received allo-HSCT from 2002 to 2018 in South Korea, analyzed risk of pre-transplant depression in OS of allo-HSCT. Subjects were followed from the day they received allo-HSCT, to occurrence of death, or last follow-up day (December 31, 2018). Median age at allo-HSCT for depression and non-depression groups were 50 and 45 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), respectively. Two groups also differed in rate of females (depression group, 55.8%; non-depression group, 43.8%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and leukemia (depression group, 61.4%; non-depression group, 49.7%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). After a median follow-up of 29.1\u00a0months, 5-year OS rate was 63.1%. Cox proportional-hazard regression evaluated an adjusted risk of post-transplant mortality related to depression: OS decreased sequentially from no depression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]\u2009=\u20091) to pre-transplant depression only (aHR\u2009=\u20091.167, CI: 1.007\u20131.352, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), and to having both depression and anxiety disorder (aHR\u2009=\u20091.202, CI: 1.038\u20131.393, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014) groups. Pre-transplant anxiety (anxiety only) did not have significant influence in OS. Additional medical and psychiatric care might be necessary in patients who experienced depression, especially with anxiety, before allo-HSCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71208-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T21:28:45Z","timestamp":1600378125000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Pre-transplant depression decreased overall survival of patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sheng-Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nak-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Woo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hae-Ran","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Wook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seunghoon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Kook","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"71208_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2014.11.001","volume":"6","author":"HK Mahmoud","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mahmoud, H. 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