{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:51:28Z","timestamp":1787003488897,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AI109891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI109891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AI109891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI109891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AI109891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI109891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Pertussis is a highly contagious disease for which prompt, point-of-care diagnosis remains an unmet clinical need. Results from conventional test modalities (nucleic acid detection, serology, and culture) take hours to days. To overcome this challenge, we identified a new biomarker (tracheal colonization factor A, TcfA) for detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection by lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). We developed a library of 28 epitope-mapped monoclonal antibodies against TcfA and incorporated three antibodies into a LFIA. The LFIA did not cross-react with common bacterial or fungal organisms, but did react with nine distinct\n                    <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains. The minimal linear epitope sequences targeted by the LFIA were conserved in 98% of 954\n                    <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates collected across 12 countries from 1949\u20132017. The LFIA\u2019s limit of detection was 3.0\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0CFU\/mL with\n                    <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells in buffer, 6.2\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0CFU\/mL with nasopharyngeal washes from a non-human primate model, and 2.3\u00a0ng\/mL with recombinant TcfA. The LFIA reacted with patient nasopharyngeal swab specimens containing as few as 1.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n                    genomes\/mL and showed no false-positives. Rapid (&lt;\u200920\u00a0min) LFIA detection of TcfA as a biomarker for\n                    <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection is feasible and may facilitate early detection of pertussis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72092-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T06:03:01Z","timestamp":1600063381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tracheal colonization factor A (TcfA) is a biomarker for rapid and specific detection of Bordetella pertussis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Amanda R.","family":"Burnham-Marusich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan K.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Scarbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Kvam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tod","family":"Merkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Kozel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"72092_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis443","volume":"206","author":"JM Warfel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Warfel, J. M., Beren, J. & Merkel, T. J. Airborne transmission of Bordetella pertussis. J. Infect. Dis. 206, 902\u2013906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jis443 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80403-X","volume":"103","author":"J Mertsola","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mertsola, J., Ruuskanen, O., Eerola, E. & Viljanen, M. K. Intrafamilial spread of pertussis. J. Pediatr. 103, 359\u2013363 (1983).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72092_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050836","volume":"157","author":"CH Wirsing von Konig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wirsing von Konig, C. H. et al. Factors influencing the spread of pertussis in households. Eur. J. Pediatr. 157, 391\u2013394 (1998).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72092_CR4","volume-title":"The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update (WHO Press, Geneva, 2008)."},{"key":"72092_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"61","author":"DA Adams","year":"2014","unstructured":"Adams, D. A. et al. Summary of notifiable diseases\u2013United States, 2012. MMWR Morb. Mortal Wkly Rep. 61, 1\u2013121 (2014).","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"72092_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6354a1","volume":"63","author":"DA Adams","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adams, D. A. et al. Summary of notifiable infectious diseases and conditions - United States, 2014. MMWR Morb. Mortal Wkly Rep. 63, 1\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6354a1 (2016).","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"72092_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000160926.89577.3b","volume":"24","author":"JD Cherry","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cherry, J. D., Grimprel, E., Guiso, N., Heininger, U. & Mertsola, J. Defining pertussis epidemiology: clinical, microbiologic and serologic perspectives. Pediatr Infect Dis. J. 24, S25-34 (2005).","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis. J."},{"key":"72092_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-526","volume":"14","author":"G van den Brink","year":"2014","unstructured":"van den Brink, G., Wishaupt, J. O., Douma, J. C., Hartwig, N. G. & Versteegh, F. G. Bordetella pertussis: an underreported pathogen in pediatric respiratory infections, a prospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 14, 526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-14-526 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.18.2.326-382.2005","volume":"18","author":"S Mattoo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mattoo, S. & Cherry, J. D. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 18, 326\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cmr.18.2.326-382.2005 (2005).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"72092_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01945-17","author":"AL Leber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leber, A. L. et al. Multicenter evaluation of BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel 2 for detection of viruses and bacteria in nasopharyngeal swab samples. J. Clin. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.01945-17 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01471-18","author":"RF Relich","year":"2019","unstructured":"Relich, R. F. et al. Multicenter clinical evaluation of the Automated Aries. J. Clin. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.01471-18 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4059","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00601-11","volume":"49","author":"KM Tatti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tatti, K. M., Sparks, K. N., Boney, K. O. & Tondella, M. L. Novel multitarget real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of Bordetella species in clinical specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49, 4059\u20134066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00601-11 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"T Tiwari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tiwari, T., Murphy, T. V. & Moran, J. Recommended antimicrobial agents for the treatment and postexposure prophylaxis of pertussis: 2005 CDC Guidelines. MMWR Recomm. Rep. 54, 1\u201316 (2005).","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm. Rep."},{"key":"72092_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2968","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.22.2968","volume":"290","author":"M Tanaka","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tanaka, M. et al. Trends in pertussis among infants in the United States, 1980\u20131999. JAMA 290, 2968\u20132975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.290.22.2968 (2003).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"72092_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.9.10.989","volume":"9","author":"LH Lee","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lee, L. H. & Pichichero, M. E. Costs of illness due to Bordetella pertussis in families. Arch. Fam. Med. 9, 989\u2013996 (2000).","journal-title":"Arch. Fam. Med."},{"key":"72092_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00110-13","volume":"81","author":"JC Eby","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eby, J. C. et al. Quantification of the adenylate cyclase toxin of Bordetella pertussis in vitro and during respiratory infection. Infect. Immun. 81, 1390\u20131398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00110-13 (2013).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"72092_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.02.086","volume":"29","author":"BE Tefon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tefon, B. E. et al. A comprehensive analysis of Bordetella pertussis surface proteome and identification of new immunogenic proteins. Vaccine 29, 3583\u20133595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.02.086 (2011).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"72092_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13915","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013915","volume":"5","author":"YZ Zhu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhu, Y. Z. et al. Immunoproteomic analysis of human serological antibody responses to vaccination with whole-cell pertussis vaccine (WCV). PLoS ONE 5, e13915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0013915 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72092_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.11.020","volume":"27","author":"E Altindis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Altindis, E. et al. Immunoproteomic analysis of Bordetella pertussis and identification of new immunogenic proteins. Vaccine 27, 542\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.11.020 (2009).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"72092_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.12.034","volume":"75","author":"R West","year":"2012","unstructured":"West, R. et al. A rapid method for capture and identification of immunogenic proteins in Bordetella pertussis enriched membranes fractions: a fast-track strategy applicable to other microorganisms. J. Proteomics 75, 1966\u20131972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.12.034 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Proteomics"},{"key":"72092_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2012.04.007","volume":"90","author":"YM Williamson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Williamson, Y. M. et al. A gel-free proteomic-based method for the characterization of Bordetella pertussis clinical isolates. J. Microbiol. Methods 90, 119\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mimet.2012.04.007 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"72092_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.26.10.2077-2082.1988","volume":"26","author":"B Gustafsson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gustafsson, B. & Askelof, P. Monoclonal antibody-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26, 2077\u20132082 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR23","first-page":"143","volume":"61","author":"LA Ashworth","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ashworth, L. A., Dowsett, A. B., Irons, L. I. & Robinson, A. The location of surface antigens of Bordetella pertussis by immuno-electron microscopy. Dev. Biol. Stand. 61, 143\u2013151 (1985).","journal-title":"Dev. Biol. Stand."},{"key":"72092_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02425.x","volume":"16","author":"TM Finn","year":"1995","unstructured":"Finn, T. M. & Stevens, L. A. Tracheal colonization factor: a Bordetella pertussis secreted virulence determinant. Mol. Microbiol. 16, 625\u2013634 (1995).","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1682-y","volume":"31","author":"T Tenenbaum","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tenenbaum, T. et al. Clinical characteristics of children with lower respiratory tract infections are dependent on the carriage of specific pathogens in the nasopharynx. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 31, 3173\u20133182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-012-1682-y (2012).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-1075-z","volume":"30","author":"T Jartti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jartti, T. et al. Nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization during the first wheezing episode is associated with longer duration of hospitalization and higher risk of relapse in young children. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect Dis. 30, 233\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-010-1075-z (2011).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4134","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02376-12","volume":"50","author":"MR van den Bergh","year":"2012","unstructured":"van den Bergh, M. R. et al. Alternative sampling methods for detecting bacterial pathogens in children with upper respiratory tract infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 50, 4134\u20134137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.02376-12 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201104-0655OC","volume":"184","author":"ES Charlson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Charlson, E. S. et al. Topographical continuity of bacterial populations in the healthy human respiratory tract. Am. J. Respir Crit Care Med 184, 957\u2013963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201104-0655OC (2011).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"72092_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00245","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00245-10","volume":"2","author":"AS Laufer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Laufer, A. S. et al. Microbial communities of the upper respiratory tract and otitis media in children. MBio 2, e00245-e210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.00245-10 (2011).","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"72092_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4164","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00176-09","volume":"47","author":"M Ohtsuka","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ohtsuka, M. et al. Improved selective isolation of Bordetella pertussis by use of modified cyclodextrin solid medium. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47, 4164\u20134167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00176-09 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15216","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015216","volume":"5","author":"ES Charlson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Charlson, E. S. et al. Disordered microbial communities in the upper respiratory tract of cigarette smokers. PLoS ONE 5, e15216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015216 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72092_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.37.7.803-b","volume":"37","author":"PL Kendrick","year":"1947","unstructured":"Kendrick, P. L., Eldering, G., Dixon, M. K. & Misner, J. Mouse protection tests in the study of pertussis vaccine: A comparative series using the intracerebral route for challenge. Am. J. Public Health Nations Health 37, 803\u2013810 (1947).","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health Nations Health"},{"key":"72092_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.74.2.133-136.1957","volume":"74","author":"G Eldering","year":"1957","unstructured":"Eldering, G., Hornbeck, C. & Baker, J. Serological study of Bordetella pertussis and related species. J. Bacteriol. 74, 133\u2013136 (1957).","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"72092_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.6.1994-2001.2002","volume":"40","author":"IH van Loo","year":"2002","unstructured":"van Loo, I. H., Heuvelman, K. J., King, A. J. & Mooi, F. R. Multilocus sequence typing of Bordetella pertussis based on surface protein genes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40, 1994\u20132001 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2504.180812","volume":"25","author":"MR Weigand","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weigand, M. R. et al. Genomic survey of Bordetella pertussis diversity, United States, 2000\u20132013. Emerg Infect Dis. 25, 780\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2504.180812 (2019).","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05515-0","volume":"53","author":"ER Packard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Packard, E. R., Parton, R., Coote, J. G. & Fry, N. K. Sequence variation and conservation in virulence-related genes of Bordetella pertussis isolates from the UK. J. Med. Microbiol. 53, 355\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.05515-0 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002160","volume":"38","author":"P Fu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fu, P., Wang, C., Tian, H., Kang, Z. & Zeng, M. Bordetella pertussis infection in infants and young children in Shanghai, China, 2016\u20132017: Clinical features, genotype variations of antigenic genes and macrolides resistance. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 38, 370\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/INF.0000000000002160 (2019).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"72092_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2018.12.001","volume":"21","author":"M Polak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Polak, M. et al. Pertactin-deficient Bordetella pertussis isolates in Poland-a country with whole-cell pertussis primary vaccination. Microbes Infect. 21, 170\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2018.12.001 (2019).","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"72092_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2007.00291.x","volume":"51","author":"M van Gent","year":"2007","unstructured":"van Gent, M. et al. Characterization of Bordetella pertussis clinical isolates that do not express the tracheal colonization factor. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 51, 149\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2007.00291.x (2007).","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2837","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.6.2837-2843.2005","volume":"43","author":"SC van Amersfoorth","year":"2005","unstructured":"van Amersfoorth, S. C. et al. Analysis of Bordetella pertussis populations in European countries with different vaccination policies. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43, 2837\u20132843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.43.6.2837-2843.2005 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.06310-11","volume":"80","author":"JM Warfel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Warfel, J. M., Beren, J., Kelly, V. K., Lee, G. & Merkel, T. J. Nonhuman primate model of pertussis. Infect. Immun. 80, 1530\u20131536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.06310-11 (2012).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"72092_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00083-15","volume":"29","author":"PE Kilgore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kilgore, P. E., Salim, A. M., Zervos, M. J. & Schmitt, H. J. Pertussis: microbiology, disease, treatment, and prevention. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 29, 449\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00083-15 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"72092_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70021-0","volume":"14","author":"LF Pittet","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pittet, L. F., Emonet, S., Schrenzel, J., Siegrist, C. A. & Posfay-Barbe, K. M. Bordetella holmesii: an under-recognised Bordetella species. Lancet Infect Dis. 14, 510\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70021-0 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00836-07","volume":"76","author":"NK Fennelly","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fennelly, N. K. et al. Bordetella pertussis expresses a functional type III secretion system that subverts protective innate and adaptive immune responses. Infect. Immun. 76, 1257\u20131266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00836-07 (2008).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"72092_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.01.013","volume":"72","author":"P Brotons","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brotons, P. et al. Differences in Bordetella pertussis DNA load according to clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with whooping cough. J. Infect. 72, 460\u2013467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.01.013 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"72092_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03255.x","volume":"17","author":"Y Nakamura","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakamura, Y. et al. Marked difference between adults and children in Bordetella pertussis DNA load in nasopharyngeal swabs. Clin. Microbiol. Infect 17, 365\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03255.x (2011).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect"},{"key":"72092_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0133209","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133209","volume":"10","author":"S Bolotin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bolotin, S. et al. Correlation of real time PCR cycle threshold cut-off with Bordetella pertussis clinical severity. PLoS ONE 10, e0133209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0133209 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72092_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz840","author":"H de Graaf","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Graaf, H. et al. Controlled human infection with Bordetella pertussis induces asymptomatic, immunising colonisation. Clin. Infect Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciz840 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect Dis."},{"key":"72092_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hulbert, R. R. & Cotter, P. A. Laboratory maintenance of Bordetella pertussis. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol Chapter 4, Unit 4B.1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780471729259.mc04b01s15 (2009).","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mc04b01s15"},{"key":"72092_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-63-2-211","volume":"63","author":"DW Stainer","year":"1970","unstructured":"Stainer, D. W. & Scholte, M. J. A simple chemically defined medium for the production of phase I Bordetella pertussis. J. Gen. Microbiol. 63, 211\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/00221287-63-2-211 (1970).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"72092_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(88)90167-6","volume":"114","author":"MF Marusich","year":"1988","unstructured":"Marusich, M. F. Efficient hybridoma production using previously frozen splenocytes. J. Immunol. Methods 114, 155\u2013159 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"72092_CR52","first-page":"949","volume":"20","author":"T Ton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ton, T. et al. Evaluation of DiaSorin molecular simplexa Bordetella Direct kit for the detection and differentiation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis, Association for Molecular Pathology Annual Meeting, Abstract ID048. J. Mol. Diagn. 20, 949 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Diagn."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72092-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72092-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72092-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T14:24:09Z","timestamp":1670336649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72092-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["72092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-72092-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"T.R.K. and A.R.B.-M. have equity interest in DxDiscovery. R.K.O., J.S., A.K., W.Y., L.Z., J.J.D., and T.M. declare no potential conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15002"}}