{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T19:59:22Z","timestamp":1772135962526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-NS094200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-NS094200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21-HD094085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21-HD094085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Our objective was to evaluate the independent prognostic value of a novel MRI biomarker\u2014objectively diagnosed diffuse white matter abnormality volume (DWMA; diffuse excessive high signal intensity)\u2014for prediction of motor outcomes in very preterm infants. We prospectively enrolled a geographically-based cohort of very preterm infants without severe brain injury and born before 32\u00a0weeks gestational age. Structural brain MRI was obtained at term-equivalent age and DWMA volume was objectively quantified using a published validated algorithm. These results were compared with visually classified DWMA. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the value of DWMA volume, independent of known predictors, to predict motor development as assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant &amp; Toddler Development, Third Edition at 3\u00a0years of age. The mean (SD) gestational age of the cohort was 28.3 (2.4) weeks. In multivariable analyses, controlling for gestational age, sex, and abnormality on structural MRI, DWMA volume was an independent prognostic biomarker of Bayley Motor scores (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\beta $$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    = \u221212.59 [95% CI \u221218.70, \u22126.48] R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.41). Conversely, visually classified DWMA was not predictive of motor development. In conclusion, objectively quantified DWMA is an independent prognostic biomarker of long-term motor development in very preterm infants and warrants further study.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72632-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T06:02:46Z","timestamp":1601272966000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Novel diffuse white matter abnormality biomarker at term-equivalent age enhances prediction of long-term motor development in very preterm children"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1375-1247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nehal A.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Harpster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venkata Sita Priyanka","family":"Illapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima Chughtai","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Klebanoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. Michael","family":"O\u2019Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mekibib","family":"Altaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"72632_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006747","author":"M Shevell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shevell, M. Cerebral palsy to cerebral palsy spectrum disorder: Time for a name change?. Neurology https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006747 (2018).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"72632_CR2","unstructured":"Honeycutt, A. A. et al. in Using survey data to study disability: results from the national health interview survey on disability, Vol. 3 (eds B.M. Altman, S.N. Barnartt, G.E. Hendershot, & S.A. Larson) 207\u2013228 (Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2003)."},{"key":"72632_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12865","volume":"58","author":"E Sellier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sellier, E. et al. Decreasing prevalence in cerebral palsy: a multi-site European population-based study, 1980 to 2003. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 58, 85\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.12865 (2016).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"72632_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2009.03544.x","volume":"52","author":"J Williams","year":"2010","unstructured":"Williams, J., Lee, K. J. & Anderson, P. J. Prevalence of motor-skill impairment in preterm children who do not develop cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 52, 232\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2009.03544.x (2010).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"72632_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12295","volume":"56","author":"JW Van Hus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Hus, J. W., Potharst, E. S., Jeukens-Visser, M., Kok, J. H. & Van Wassenaer-Leemhuis, A. G. Motor impairment in very preterm-born children: links with other developmental deficits at 5 years of age. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 56, 587\u2013594 (2014).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"72632_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.1106","volume":"17","author":"S McIntyre","year":"2011","unstructured":"McIntyre, S., Morgan, C., Walker, K. & Novak, I. Cerebral palsy\u2013don\u2019t delay. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 17, 114\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddrr.1106 (2011).","journal-title":"Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev."},{"key":"72632_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1689","volume":"171","author":"I Novak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Novak, I. et al. Early, accurate diagnosis and early intervention in cerebral palsy: advances in diagnosis and treatment. JAMA Pediatr. 171, 897\u2013907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1689 (2017).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"72632_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.64","volume":"15","author":"MV Johnston","year":"2009","unstructured":"Johnston, M. V. Plasticity in the developing brain: implications for rehabilitation. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 15, 94\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddrr.64 (2009).","journal-title":"Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev."},{"key":"72632_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005495.pub4","author":"A Spittle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spittle, A., Orton, J., Anderson, P. J., Boyd, R. & Doyle, L. W. Early developmental intervention programmes provided post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairment in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD005495.pub4 (2015).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"72632_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.04.005","volume":"55","author":"C Morgan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morgan, C., Novak, I., Dale, R. C., Guzzetta, A. & Badawi, N. Single blind randomised controlled trial of GAME (Goals\u2013Activity\u2013Motor\u2013Enrichment) in infants at high risk of cerebral palsy. Res. Dev. Disabil. 55, 256\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.04.005 (2016).","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"72632_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.07.044","volume":"162","author":"R Benini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Benini, R., Dagenais, L., Shevell, M. I., de la Paralysie, R. & Cerebrale au Quebec, C, ,. Normal imaging in patients with cerebral palsy: what does it tell us?. J. Pediatr. 162, 369\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.07.044 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72632_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-015-0058-7","volume":"4","author":"J Van't Hooft","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van\u2019t Hooft, J. et al. Predicting developmental outcomes in premature infants by term equivalent MRI: systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst. Rev. 4, 71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-015-0058-7 (2015).","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"72632_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-0898","volume":"135","author":"SR Hintz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hintz, S. R. et al. Neuroimaging and neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm infants. Pediatrics 135, e32-42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2014-0898 (2015).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"72632_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000444179","volume":"110","author":"LA Slaughter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Slaughter, L. A., Bonfante-Mejia, E., Hintz, S. R., Dvorchik, I. & Parikh, N. A. Early conventional MRI for prediction of neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely-low-birth-weight infants. Neonatology 110, 47\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000444179 (2016).","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"72632_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2016.09.005","volume":"40","author":"NA Parikh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parikh, N. A. Advanced neuroimaging and its role in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm infants. Semin. Perinatol. 40, 530\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semperi.2016.09.005 (2016).","journal-title":"Semin. Perinatol."},{"key":"72632_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70133-2","volume":"135","author":"EF Maalouf","year":"1999","unstructured":"Maalouf, E. F. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in a cohort of extremely preterm infants. J. Pediatr. 135, 351\u2013357 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72632_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1866","volume":"118","author":"LE Dyet","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dyet, L. E. et al. Natural history of brain lesions in extremely preterm infants studied with serial magnetic resonance imaging from birth and neurodevelopmental assessment. Pediatrics 118, 536\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2005-1866 (2006).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"72632_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2703","volume":"32","author":"H Kidokoro","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kidokoro, H., Anderson, P. J., Doyle, L. W., Neil, J. J. & Inder, T. E. High signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging at term-equivalent age in preterm infants does not predict 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 32, 2005\u20132010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A2703 (2011).","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"72632_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111615","volume":"263","author":"TY Jeon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jeon, T. Y. et al. Neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: comparison of infants with and without diffuse excessive high signal intensity on MR images at near-term-equivalent age. Radiology 263, 518\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.12111615 (2012).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"72632_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0820","volume":"117","author":"SJ Counsell","year":"2006","unstructured":"Counsell, S. J. et al. Axial and radial diffusivity in preterm infants who have diffuse white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age. Pediatrics 117, 376\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2005-0820 (2006).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"72632_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56880","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056880","volume":"8","author":"JL Wisnowski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wisnowski, J. L. et al. Altered glutamatergic metabolism associated with punctate white matter lesions in preterm infants. PLoS ONE 8, e56880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0056880 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72632_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2016.07.006","volume":"65","author":"NA Parikh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parikh, N. A., Pierson, C. R. & Rusin, J. A. Neuropathology associated with diffuse excessive high signal intensity abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging in very preterm infants. Pediatr. Neurol. 65, 78\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2016.07.006 (2016).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"72632_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1138","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1735","volume":"129","author":"S Iwata","year":"2012","unstructured":"Iwata, S. et al. Qualitative brain MRI at term and cognitive outcomes at 9 years after very preterm birth. Pediatrics 129, e1138-1147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-1735 (2012).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"72632_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.026","volume":"49","author":"NA Parikh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Parikh, N. A. et al. Automatically quantified diffuse excessive high signal intensity on MRI predicts cognitive development in preterm infants. Pediatr. Neurol. 49, 424\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.026 (2013).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"72632_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85475","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085475","volume":"8","author":"L He","year":"2013","unstructured":"He, L. & Parikh, N. A. Atlas-guided quantification of white matter signal abnormalities on term-equivalent age MRI in very preterm infants: findings predict language and cognitive development at two years of age. PLoS ONE 8, e85475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0085475 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72632_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.01.034","volume":"220","author":"NA Parikh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parikh, N. A. et al. Objectively-quantified diffuse white matter abnormality at term-equivalent age is an independent predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm infants. J. Pediatr. 220, 56\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.01.034 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72632_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0149578","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149578","volume":"11","author":"L Brostrom","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brostrom, L. et al. Clinical implications of diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) on neonatal MRI in school age children born extremely preterm. PLoS ONE 11, e0149578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149578 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72632_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-011-2155-7","volume":"41","author":"A Hart","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hart, A. et al. Neuro-developmental outcome at 18 months in premature infants with diffuse excessive high signal intensity on MR imaging of the brain. Pediatr. Radiol. 41, 1284\u20131292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-011-2155-7 (2011).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Radiol."},{"key":"72632_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110797","volume":"261","author":"FT de Bruine","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Bruine, F. T. et al. Clinical implications of MR imaging findings in the white matter in very preterm infants: a 2-year follow-up study. Radiology 261, 899\u2013906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.11110797 (2011).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"72632_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.09.053","volume":"160","author":"B Skiold","year":"2012","unstructured":"Skiold, B. et al. Neonatal magnetic resonance imaging and outcome at age 30 months in extremely preterm infants. J. Pediatr. 160, 559\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.09.053 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72632_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-015-0540-2","volume":"120","author":"SF Calloni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Calloni, S. F. et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 36 months in very low birth weight premature infants with MR diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) of cerebral white matter. Radiol. Med. 120, 1056\u20131063. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11547-015-0540-2 (2015).","journal-title":"Radiol. Med."},{"key":"72632_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.10.016","author":"IM Murner-Lavanchy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Murner-Lavanchy, I. M. et al. Thirteen-year outcomes in very preterm children associated with diffuse excessive high signal intensity on neonatal magnetic resonance imaging. J. Pediatr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.10.016 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"72632_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3521","volume":"34","author":"H Kidokoro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kidokoro, H., Neil, J. J. & Inder, T. E. New MR imaging assessment tool to define brain abnormalities in very preterm infants at term. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 34, 2208\u20132214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A3521 (2013).","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"72632_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis, J. R. & Koch, G. G. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33, 159\u2013174 (1977).","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"72632_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","volume":"22","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McHugh, M. L. Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem. Med. (Zagreb) 22, 276\u2013282 (2012).","journal-title":"Biochem. Med. (Zagreb)"},{"key":"72632_CR36","volume-title":"& Gosselin","author":"C Amiel-Tison","year":"1998","unstructured":"Amiel-Tison, C. & Gosselin (The John Hopkins University Press, J. Neurological Development from Birth to Six Years., 1998)."},{"key":"72632_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x","volume":"39","author":"R Palisano","year":"1997","unstructured":"Palisano, R. et al. Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 39, 214\u2013223 (1997).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"72632_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2011-301246","volume":"98","author":"KG Moons","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moons, K. G. et al. Risk prediction models: I. Development, internal validation, and assessing the incremental value of a new (bio)marker. Heart 98, 683\u2013690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heartjnl-2011-301246 (2012).","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"72632_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007726","author":"A Springer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Springer, A. et al. Profile of children with cerebral palsy spectrum disorder and a normal MRI study. Neurology https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007726 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"72632_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-015-1609-2","volume":"58","author":"B Morel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morel, B., Antoni, G., Teglas, J. P., Bloch, I. & Adamsbaum, C. Neonatal brain MRI: how reliable is the radiologist\u2019s eye?. Neuroradiology 58, 189\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00234-015-1609-2 (2016).","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"72632_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-010-1633-7","volume":"40","author":"AR Hart","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hart, A. R., Smith, M. F., Rigby, A. S., Wallis, L. I. & Whitby, E. H. Appearances of diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) on MR imaging following preterm birth. Pediatr. Radiol. 40, 1390\u20131396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-010-1633-7 (2010).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Radiol."},{"key":"72632_CR42","unstructured":"Coggon, D. in Epidemiology for the uninitiated (ed BMJ) (BMJ Pub. Group, 1997)."},{"key":"72632_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7013.1145","volume":"311","author":"MJ Campbell","year":"1995","unstructured":"Campbell, M. J., Julious, S. A. & Altman, D. G. Estimating sample sizes for binary, ordered categorical, and continuous outcomes in two group comparisons. BMJ 311, 1145\u20131148 (1995).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"72632_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7549.1080","volume":"332","author":"DG Altman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Altman, D. G. & Royston, P. The cost of dichotomising continuous variables. BMJ 332, 1080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.332.7549.1080 (2006).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"72632_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00610","volume":"13","author":"H Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, H. et al. Objective and automated detection of diffuse white matter abnormality in preterm infants using deep convolutional neural networks. Front Neurosci. 13, 610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2019.00610 (2019).","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"key":"72632_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F388","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.168997","volume":"95","author":"P Nongena","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nongena, P., Ederies, A., Azzopardi, D. V. & Edwards, A. D. Confidence in the prediction of neurodevelopmental outcome by cranial ultrasound and MRI in preterm infants. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal. Neonatal. Ed. 95, F388-390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2009.168997 (2010).","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal. Neonatal. Ed."},{"key":"72632_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.4812","volume":"172","author":"NA Parikh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parikh, N. A. Are structural magnetic resonance imaging and general movements assessment sufficient for early, accurate diagnosis of cerebral palsy?. JAMA Pediatr 172, 198\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.4812 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"72632_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2019.05.001","author":"NA Parikh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parikh, N. A., Hershey, A. & Altaye, M. Early detection of cerebral palsy using sensorimotor tract biomarkers in very preterm infants. Pediatr Neurol https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2019.05.001 (2019).","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72632-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72632-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72632-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T15:38:18Z","timestamp":1670341098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-72632-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["72632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-72632-0","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.08.04.20167031","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 September 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15920"}}