{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T05:50:00Z","timestamp":1670392200412},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is an innovative technique to explore hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. We aimed to assess its diagnostic accuracy in HIV-infected patients in a tuberculosis low-burden area. A retrospective review was performed of all HIV-infected patients with thoracic lymphadenopathy referred for EBUS-TBNA between January 2012 and January 2019 in 3 Northern French Hospitals. A total of 15 patients was included during the study period. Our patients were predominantly male (80%), with a mean age of 50\u2009\u00b1\u200911\u00a0years. Six patients (43%) had a CD4 cells count of less than 200\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Eleven patients (73%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy, and 7 (47%) reached undetectable viral load. Adequate lymphnode sampling was accomplished in all patients. No serious complications were reported. EBUS-TBNA led to a definitive diagnosis in 12 out of 15 patients (80%). It identified 4 neoplasia, 3 atypical mycobacterial diseases, 2 tuberculosis, 1 Castleman disease, 1 sarcoidosis, and 1 professional dustiness. In 3 cases, sampling revealed normal lymphoid tissue. Active surveillance confirmed the suspected diagnosis of HIV adenitis with regression of lymphadenopathy on antiretroviral therapy in 2 cases. In one case of negative sampling, thoracoscopy led to the diagnosis of tuberculosis. In our cohort, accuracy of EBUS-TBNA was 92%. EBUS-TBNA appeared to be a safe and accurate tool in the investigation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in HIV-infected patients in settings of tuberculosis low-prevalence. It can avoid more invasive procedures such as mediastinoscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73153-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T10:04:13Z","timestamp":1601546653000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in HIV-infected patients with thoracic lymphadenopathy in a tuberculosis low-burden area"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Macha","family":"Tetart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"Betraoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Huleux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Wallyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Brichet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Thill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Robineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agn\u00e8s","family":"Meybeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"73153_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200211010-00004","volume":"31","author":"RM Jasmer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jasmer, R. M. et al. Clinical and radiographic predictors of the etiology of computed tomography-diagnosed intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in HIV-infected patients. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 31, 291\u2013298 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"73153_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.1999.13.645","volume":"13","author":"JE Fishman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fishman, J. E. & Sagar, M. Thoracic lymphadenopathy in HIV patients: Spectrum of disease and differential diagnosis. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 13, 645\u2013649 (1999).","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS."},{"key":"73153_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.344130115","volume":"34","author":"SH Chou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chou, S. H. et al. Thoracic diseases associated with HIV infection in the era of antiretroviral therapy: Clinical and imaging findings. 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