{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:42:46Z","timestamp":1789612966513,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R35CA220481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R35CA220481"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metastasis is generally considered a characteristic of malignant tumors. Herein, we describe a patient with more than one hundred discrete Spitz nevi scattered all over her skin. Molecular analysis from three of the lesions identified a ROS1 fusion oncogene with identical genomic breakpoints, indicating that the nevi arose from a single transformed melanocyte and then disseminated throughout the integument. The demonstration of widespread distribution of a benign tumor with limited proliferative capability indicates that metastatic dissemination is not contingent on full malignant transformation. Thus, eruptive Spitz nevus is a striking example of benign metastasis, demonstrating that metastasis can occur before malignant transformation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73264-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T10:04:13Z","timestamp":1601546653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Eruptive Spitz nevus, a striking example of benign metastasis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Shyam S.","family":"Raghavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa S.","family":"Kapler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin M.","family":"Dinges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris C.","family":"Bastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwei","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"73264_CR1","first-page":"591","volume":"24","author":"S Spitz","year":"1948","unstructured":"Spitz, S. Melanomas of childhood. Am. J. Pathol. 24, 591\u2013609 (1948).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4116","volume":"5","author":"T Wiesner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wiesner, T. et al. Kinase fusions are frequent in Spitz tumours and spitzoid melanomas. Nat. Commun. 5, 3116 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"73264_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64609-3","volume":"157","author":"BC Bastian","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bastian, B. C., LeBoit, P. E. & Pinkel, D. Mutations and copy number increase of HRAS in Spitz nevi with distinctive histopathological features. Am. J. Pathol. 157, 967\u2013972 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7174","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8174","volume":"6","author":"I Yeh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yeh, I. et al. Activating MET kinase rearrangements in melanoma and Spitz tumours. Nat. Commun. 6, 7174 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"73264_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4775","volume":"240","author":"I Yeh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yeh, I. et al. NTRK3 kinase fusions in Spitz tumours. J. Pathol. 240, 282\u2013290 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001074","author":"T VandenBoom","year":"2018","unstructured":"VandenBoom, T. et al. genomic fusions in pigmented spindle cell nevus of reed . Am. J. Surg. Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001074 (2018).","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0373-y","author":"S Newman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Newman, S. et al. Clinical genome sequencing uncovers potentially targetable truncations and fusions of MAP3K8 in spitzoid and other melanomas. Nat. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-019-0373-y (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"73264_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.132.3.352","volume":"132","author":"PA Herreid","year":"1996","unstructured":"Herreid, P. A. & Shapiro, P. E. Age distribution of Spitz nevus vs malignant melanoma. Arch. Dermatol. 132, 352\u2013353 (1996).","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.02.031","volume":"57","author":"RM Levy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Levy, R. M. et al. Eruptive disseminated Spitz nevi. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 57, 519\u2013523 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2016.2917","volume":"27","author":"F Ricci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ricci, F., Paradisi, A., Annessi, G., Paradisi, M. & Abeni, D. Eruptive disseminated Spitz nevi. Eur. J. Dermatol. 27, 59\u201362 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02482-4","volume":"49","author":"M Alaibac","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alaibac, M. et al. Eruptive melanocytic nevi in patients with renal allografts: report of 10 cases with dermoscopic findings. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 49, 1020\u20131022 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.5070\/D3246040690","volume":"24","author":"PM Garrido","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garrido, P. M. & Borges-Costa, J. Eruptive melanocytic nevi in HIV infected patients: report of three cases. Dermatol. Online J. 24, 16 (2018).","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"73264_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0445-z","author":"SS Raghavan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raghavan, S. S. et al. Spitz melanoma is a distinct subset of spitzoid melanoma. Mod. Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41379-019-0445-z (2020).","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02068.x","volume":"31","author":"CJ Morgan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Morgan, C. J., Nyak, N., Cooper, A., Pees, B. & Friedmann, P. S. Multiple Spitz naevi: a report of both variants with clinical and histopathological correlation. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 31, 368\u2013371 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12197","volume":"56","author":"S Niyati","year":"2015","unstructured":"Niyati, S. et al. Eruptive disseminated Spitz naevus (EDSN) in a young girl of Indian origin. Australas. J. Dermatol. 56, 134\u2013136 (2015).","journal-title":"Australas. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1977.tb15182.x","volume":"97","author":"RAJ Eady","year":"2006","unstructured":"Eady, R. A. J., Gilkes, J. J. H. & Jones, E. W. Eruptive naevi: report of two cases, with enzyme histochemical, light and electron microscopical findings. Br. J. Dermatol. 97, 267\u2013278 (2006).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"73264_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13111","volume":"507","author":"T Bald","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bald, T. et al. Ultraviolet-radiation-induced inflammation promotes angiotropism and metastasis in melanoma. Nature 507, 109\u2013113 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"73264_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198502000-00007","volume":"9","author":"AJ Howat","year":"1985","unstructured":"Howat, A. J. & Variend, S. Lymphatic invasion in Spitz nevi. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 9, 125\u2013128 (1985).","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e178","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70608-9","volume":"15","author":"A Lallas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lallas, A. et al. Atypical Spitz tumours and sentinel lymph node biopsy: a systematic review. Lancet Oncol. 15, e178\u2013e183 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"73264_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.061598","volume":"123","author":"L Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li, L. et al. Human dermal stem cells differentiate into functional epidermal melanocytes. J. Cell Sci. 123, 853\u2013860 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"73264_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00847.x","author":"SE Zabierowski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zabierowski, S. E., Fukunaga-Kalabis, M., Li, L. & Herlyn, M. Dermis-derived stem cells: a source of epidermal melanocytes and melanoma?. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00847.x (2011).","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"73264_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(00)80210-5","volume":"31","author":"L Tietze","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tietze, L. et al. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a cytogenetically balanced but clonal disease. Hum. Pathol. 31, 126\u2013128 (2000).","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR23","first-page":"612","volume":"112","author":"JM Schreibstein","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schreibstein, J. M., Tronic, B., Tarlov, E. & Hybels, R. L. Benign metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 112, 612\u2013615 (1995).","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"73264_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199611000-00007","volume":"20","author":"MI Colome-Grimmer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Colome-Grimmer, M. I. & Evans, H. L. Metastasizing cellular dermatofibroma. A report of two cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 20, 1361\u20131367 (1996).","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"73264_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.5858\/2006-130-1349-BMAOTB","volume":"130","author":"CM Nadelman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nadelman, C. M., Leslie, K. O. & Fishbein, M. C. \u2018Benign\u2019, metastasizing adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a report of 2 cases. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 130, 1349\u20131353 (2006).","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."},{"key":"73264_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyg022","volume":"33","author":"CS Pramesh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pramesh, C. S. et al. Benign metastasizing meningioma. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 33, 86\u201388 (2003).","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-73264-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-73264-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-73264-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T20:44:06Z","timestamp":1670359446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-73264-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["73264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-73264-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16216"}}