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Ineffective clearance of <jats:italic>Bpm<\/jats:italic> by antibiotics is believed to be due to persistence, a hibernation-like survival mechanism modulated, in part, by toxin\u2013antitoxin systems (TAS). Several organisms possess a repertoire of TASs but defining environmental cues eliciting their activity is hindered by laborious in vitro experiments, especially when there are many toxins with redundant function. Here, we identified which of 103 proteins in <jats:italic>Bpm<\/jats:italic> that share features found in toxins of the TAS and repurposed transcriptional data to identify which ones play a role in surviving intracellular host defenses. Putative toxins with the strongest transcriptional response were found to have low conservation between <jats:italic>Bpm<\/jats:italic> strains, while toxins that were constitutively expressed were highly conserved. Further examination of highly conserved toxins BPSS0899, BPSS1321, and BPSL1494 showed that they were functional, and their mutation led to reduce survival within macrophages and reduced in vivo persistence-associated pathology (abscesses) during treatment, but did not affect macrophages persistence. These findings highlight the utility of a data-driven approach to select putative toxins and suggests a selective role for some TAS in host survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73887-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T10:02:37Z","timestamp":1602237757000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Predicting toxins found in toxin\u2013antitoxin systems with a role in host-induced Burkholderia pseudomallei persistence"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Brittany N.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph D.","family":"Thiriot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shane M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo G.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"73887_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15008","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2015.8","volume":"1","author":"D Limmathurotsakul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Limmathurotsakul, D. et al. 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