{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T07:23:40Z","timestamp":1778657020319,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020594","name":"IIBR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SB\/5112-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/5112-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Various respiratory viral infections in general and seasonal influenza in particular may increase the susceptibility to bacterial infections. Plague caused by <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic> endangers large populations during outbreaks or bioterrorism attacks. Recommended antibiotic countermeasures include well-established protocols based on animal studies and corroborated by effective treatment of human cases. Until now, prior exposure to viral respiratory infections was not taken into consideration when selecting the appropriate treatment for plague. Here, we show that as late as 25\u00a0days after exposure to influenza virus, convalescent mice still exhibited an increased susceptibility to sublethal doses of <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>, presented with aberrant cytokine expression, and impaired neutrophil infiltration in the lungs. Increased levels of M2 alveolar macrophages and type II epithelial cells, as well as induction in metalloproteases expression and collagen and laminin degradation, suggested that the previous viral infection was under resolution, correlating with enhanced susceptibility to plague. Surprisingly, postexposure prophylaxis treatment with the recommended drugs revealed that ciprofloxacin was superior to doxycycline in mice recovering from influenza infection. These results suggest that after an influenza infection, the consequences, such as impaired immunity and lung tissue remodeling and damage, should be considered when treating subsequent <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic> exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75840-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T11:03:19Z","timestamp":1604574199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influenza virus infection augments susceptibility to respiratory Yersinia pestis exposure and impacts the efficacy of antiplague antibiotic treatments"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yaron","family":"Vagima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noam","family":"Erez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hagit","family":"Achdout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moshe","family":"Aftalion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinon","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayelet","family":"Zauberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avital","family":"Tidhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hila","family":"Gutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shlomi","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomer","family":"Israely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nir","family":"Paran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Melamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Brosh-Nissimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodor","family":"Chitlaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irit","family":"Sagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuelle","family":"Mamroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"75840_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. Plague \u2013 Madagascar. The World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/don\/27-november-2017-plague-madagascar\/en\/ (2017)."},{"key":"75840_CR2","unstructured":"WHO. Regional Office for Africa. Plague outbreak Madagascar: external situation report 14. Brazzaville, Congo: WHO, 4 December 2017. https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/epidemiology-and-infection\/article\/using-evidence-to-inform-response-to-the-2017-plague-outbreak-in-madagascar-a-view-from-the-who-african-regional-office\/A10E864926C053916E62BBE64F079294 (2017)."},{"key":"75840_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.17.2281","volume":"283","author":"TV Inglesby","year":"2000","unstructured":"Inglesby, T. V. et al. Plague as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefenss. JAMA 283, 2281\u20132290 (2000).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"75840_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1086\/428617","volume":"40","author":"JL Kool","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kool, J. L. Risk of person-to-person transmission of pneumonic plague. Clin. Infect. Dis. 40, 1166\u20131172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/428617 (2005).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR5","first-page":"59","volume":"9","author":"R Pollitzer","year":"1953","unstructured":"Pollitzer, R. Plague studies. VIII. Clinical aspects. Bull. World Health Organ. 9, 59\u2013129 (1953).","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"75840_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.1.35","volume":"10","author":"RD Perry","year":"1997","unstructured":"Perry, R. D. & Fetherston, J. D. Yersinia pestis\u2013etiologic agent of plague. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 10, 35\u201366 (1997).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"75840_CR7","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/plague\/resources\/Recommended-antibiotics-for-plague_revision-Aug-2015_Final-(00000002).pdf."},{"key":"75840_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-480","volume":"14","author":"M Biggerstaff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Biggerstaff, M., Cauchemez, S., Reed, C., Gambhir, M. & Finelli, L. Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature. BMC Infect. Dis. 14, 480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-14-480 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000347","volume":"30","author":"I Martin-Loeches","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martin-Loeches, I., van Someren Greve, F. & Schultz, M. J. Bacterial pneumonia as an influenza complication. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 30, 201\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000347 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61051-9","volume":"378","author":"H Nair","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nair, H. et al. Global burden of respiratory infections due to seasonal influenza in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 378, 1917\u20131930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61051-9 (2011).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"75840_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12398","volume":"10","author":"EY Klein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Klein, E. Y. et al. The frequency of influenza and bacterial coinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Influenza Other Respir. Viruses 10, 394\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12398 (2016).","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir. Viruses"},{"key":"75840_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01041","volume":"8","author":"DE Morris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morris, D. E., Cleary, D. W. & Clarke, S. C. Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics. Front. Microbiol. 8, 1041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01041 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000504","volume":"31","author":"L Vanderbeke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vanderbeke, L. et al. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis complicating severe influenza: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 31, 471\u2013480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000504 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2012.11.007","volume":"27","author":"AT Pavia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pavia, A. T. What is the role of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia?: What is the best therapy for influenza and other viral causes of community-acquired pneumonia?. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 27, 157\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idc.2012.11.007 (2013).","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"75840_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.10.040","volume":"121","author":"MB Rothberg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rothberg, M. B., Haessler, S. D. & Brown, R. B. Complications of viral influenza. Am. J. Med. 121, 258\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.10.040 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"75840_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12089","volume":"7","author":"C Joseph","year":"2013","unstructured":"Joseph, C., Togawa, Y. & Shindo, N. Bacterial and viral infections associated with influenza. Influenza Other Respir. Viruses 7(Suppl 2), 105\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12089 (2013).","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir. Viruses"},{"key":"75840_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3","volume":"395","author":"F Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, F. et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 395, 1054\u20131062. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"75840_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI3541235412[pii]","volume":"119","author":"A Shahangian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shahangian, A. et al. Type I IFNs mediate development of postinfluenza bacterial pneumonia in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 119, 1910\u20131920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI3541235412[pii] (2009).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"75840_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1765nm1765[pii]","volume":"14","author":"K Sun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sun, K. & Metzger, D. W. Inhibition of pulmonary antibacterial defense by interferon-gamma during recovery from influenza infection. Nat. Med. 14, 558\u2013564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1765nm1765[pii] (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"75840_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.09.005","volume":"20","author":"D Talmi-Frank","year":"2016","unstructured":"Talmi-Frank, D. et al. Extracellular matrix proteolysis by MT1-MMP contributes to influenza-related tissue damage and mortality. Cell Host Microbe 20, 458\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2016.09.005 (2016).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"75840_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3231nrmicro3231[pii]","volume":"12","author":"JA McCullers","year":"2014","unstructured":"McCullers, J. A. The co-pathogenesis of influenza viruses with bacteria in the lung. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 12, 252\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro3231nrmicro3231[pii] (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.11.003","volume":"35","author":"LO Bakaletz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bakaletz, L. O. Viral\u2013bacterial co-infections in the respiratory tract. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 35, 30\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mib.2016.11.003 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301152","volume":"191","author":"DW Metzger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Metzger, D. W. & Sun, K. Immune dysfunction and bacterial coinfections following influenza. J. Immunol. 191, 2047\u20132052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1301152 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02943","volume":"9","author":"DJ Morgan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morgan, D. J. et al. Innate immune cell suppression and the link with secondary lung bacterial pneumonia. Front. Immunol. 9, 2943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02943 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.001","volume":"147","author":"PA Kumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kumar, P. A. et al. Distal airway stem cells yield alveoli in vitro and during lung regeneration following H1N1 influenza infection. Cell 147, 525\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.001 (2011).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"75840_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1586\/17476348.2.6.739","volume":"2","author":"U Bhan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bhan, U., Cornicelli, M. D. & Standiford, T. J. Cytokine networks in the infected lung. Expert Rev. Respir. Med. 2, 739\u2013752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/17476348.2.6.739 (2008).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Respir. Med."},{"key":"75840_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004893","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004893PPATHOGENS-D-14-02935[pii]","volume":"11","author":"Y Vagima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vagima, Y. et al. Circumventing Y. pestis virulence by early recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs during pneumonic plague. PLoS Pathog. 11, e1004893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004893PPATHOGENS-D-14-02935[pii] (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"75840_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2012.00143","volume":"2","author":"Y Vagima","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vagima, Y. et al. Early sensing of Yersinia pestis airway infection by bone marrow cells. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 2, 143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2012.00143 (2012).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3600","volume":"14","author":"T Hussell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hussell, T. & Bell, T. J. Alveolar macrophages: plasticity in a tissue-specific context. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 14, 81\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri3600 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2012.00833.x","volume":"93","author":"A Alber","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alber, A., Howie, S. E., Wallace, W. A. & Hirani, N. The role of macrophages in healing the wounded lung. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 93, 243\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2012.00833.x (2012).","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"75840_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.05.007","volume":"32","author":"S Gordon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gordon, S. & Martinez, F. O. Alternative activation of macrophages: mechanism and functions. Immunity 32, 593\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.05.007 (2010).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"75840_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/s1471-4906(02)02302-5","volume":"23","author":"A Mantovani","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mantovani, A., Sozzani, S., Locati, M., Allavena, P. & Sica, A. Macrophage polarization: tumor-associated macrophages as a paradigm for polarized M2 mononuclear phagocytes. Trends Immunol. 23, 549\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1471-4906(02)02302-5 (2002).","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3073","volume":"11","author":"PJ Murray","year":"2011","unstructured":"Murray, P. J. & Wynn, T. A. Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 11, 723\u2013737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri3073 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2013.1268","volume":"7","author":"X Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao, X., Dong, Y., Liu, Z. & Niu, B. Silencing of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 enhances the inflammatory responses of alveolar macrophages to lipopolysaccharide. Mol. Med. Rep. 7, 921\u2013926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2013.1268 (2013).","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"75840_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2010-0349OC","volume":"45","author":"S Ghosh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghosh, S., Gregory, D., Smith, A. & Kobzik, L. MARCO regulates early inflammatory responses against influenza: a useful macrophage function with adverse outcome. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 45, 1036\u20131044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2010-0349OC (2011).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1637ni.1637[pii]","volume":"9","author":"RJ Snelgrove","year":"2008","unstructured":"Snelgrove, R. J. et al. A critical function for CD200 in lung immune homeostasis and the severity of influenza infection. Nat. Immunol. 9, 1074\u20131083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.1637ni.1637[pii] (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2017-0037MA","volume":"57","author":"NL Jansing","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jansing, N. L. et al. Unbiased quantitation of alveolar type II to alveolar type I cell transdifferentiation during repair after lung injury in mice. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 57, 519\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2017-0037MA (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR38","first-page":"2697","volume":"36","author":"RJ Mason","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mason, R. J., Dobbs, L. G., Greenleaf, R. D. & Williams, M. C. Alveolar type II cells. Fed. Proc. 36, 2697\u20132702 (1977).","journal-title":"Fed. Proc."},{"key":"75840_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.012062","volume":"7","author":"M Giannandrea","year":"2014","unstructured":"Giannandrea, M. & Parks, W. C. Diverse functions of matrix metalloproteinases during fibrosis. Dis. Model. Mech. 7, 193\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dmm.012062 (2014).","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"75840_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2125","volume":"8","author":"A Page-McCaw","year":"2007","unstructured":"Page-McCaw, A., Ewald, A. J. & Werb, Z. Matrix metalloproteinases and the regulation of tissue remodelling. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8, 221\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrm2125 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.03.002","volume":"44\u201346","author":"MG Rohani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rohani, M. G. & Parks, W. C. Matrix remodeling by MMPs during wound repair. Matrix Biol. 44\u201346, 113\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.03.002 (2015).","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00022.2006","volume":"87","author":"KJ Greenlee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Greenlee, K. J., Werb, Z. & Kheradmand, F. Matrix metalloproteinases in lung: multiple, multifarious, and multifaceted. Physiol. Rev. 87, 69\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00022.2006 (2007).","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"75840_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1403110","volume":"195","author":"T Sathyamoorthy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sathyamoorthy, T. et al. Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase regulates monocyte migration and collagen destruction in tuberculosis. J. Immunol. 195, 882\u2013891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1403110 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR44","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/plague\/resources\/Reccomended-antibiotics-forplague_revision-Aug-2015."},{"key":"75840_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01519-17","author":"R Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang, R. Plague: recognition, treatment, and prevention. J. Clin. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.01519-17 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro727","volume":"1","author":"C Walsh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Walsh, C. Where will new antibiotics come from?. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 1, 65\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro727 (2003).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.063","volume":"36","author":"MP Somes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Somes, M. P., Turner, R. M., Dwyer, L. J. & Newall, A. T. Estimating the annual attack rate of seasonal influenza among unvaccinated individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine 36, 3199\u20133207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.063 (2018).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"75840_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-014-0670-5","volume":"14","author":"K Jayasundara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jayasundara, K., Soobiah, C., Thommes, E., Tricco, A. C. & Chit, A. Natural attack rate of influenza in unvaccinated children and adults: a meta-regression analysis. BMC Infect. Dis. 14, 670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-014-0670-5 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1086\/656740","volume":"51","author":"JT Wu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu, J. T. et al. The infection attack rate and severity of 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza in Hong Kong. Clin. Infect. Dis. 51, 1184\u20131191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/656740 (2010).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir467jir467[pii]","volume":"204","author":"J Goulding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goulding, J. et al. Lowering the threshold of lung innate immune cell activation alters susceptibility to secondary bacterial superinfection. J. Infect. Dis. 204, 1086\u20131094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jir467jir467[pii] (2011).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"75840_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003679","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003679","volume":"9","author":"RD Pechous","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pechous, R. D., Sivaraman, V., Price, P. A., Stasulli, N. M. & Goldman, W. E. Early host cell targets of Yersinia pestis during primary pneumonic plague. PLoS Pathog. 9, e1003679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003679 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"75840_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.1840.1","author":"J Mecsas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mecsas, J. Unraveling neutrophil\u2014Yersinia interactions during tissue infection. F1000Res https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.1840.1 (2019).","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"75840_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.01.007","volume":"12","author":"TR Laws","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laws, T. R., Davey, M. S., Titball, R. W. & Lukaszewski, R. Neutrophils are important in early control of lung infection by Yersinia pestis. Microbes Infect. 12, 331\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.01.007 (2010).","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"75840_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17786","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506840102","volume":"102","author":"WW Lathem","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lathem, W. W., Crosby, S. D., Miller, V. L. & Goldman, W. E. Progression of primary pneumonic plague: a mouse model of infection, pathology, and bacterial transcriptional activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102, 17786\u201317791 (2005).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"75840_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2015.11.008","volume":"24","author":"RD Pechous","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pechous, R. D., Sivaraman, V., Stasulli, N. M. & Goldman, W. E. Pneumonic plague: the darker side of Yersinia pestis. Trends Microbiol. 24, 190\u2013197 (2016).","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"75840_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070891","volume":"205","author":"A Didierlaurent","year":"2008","unstructured":"Didierlaurent, A. et al. Sustained desensitization to bacterial Toll-like receptor ligands after resolution of respiratory influenza infection. J. Exp. Med. 205, 323\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20070891 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"75840_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.04.004","volume":"38","author":"D Hashimoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hashimoto, D. et al. Tissue-resident macrophages self-maintain locally throughout adult life with minimal contribution from circulating monocytes. Immunity 38, 792\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.04.004 (2013).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"75840_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300014jimmunol.1300014[pii]","volume":"191","author":"HE Ghoneim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ghoneim, H. E., Thomas, P. G. & McCullers, J. A. Depletion of alveolar macrophages during influenza infection facilitates bacterial superinfections. J. Immunol. 191, 1250\u20131259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1300014jimmunol.1300014[pii] (2013).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68782","volume":"123","author":"CE Barkauskas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barkauskas, C. E. et al. Type 2 alveolar cells are stem cells in adult lung. J. Clin. Investig. 123, 3025\u20133036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI68782 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"75840_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6565","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006565","volume":"4","author":"P Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen, P. et al. MMP7 shedding of syndecan-1 facilitates re-epithelialization by affecting alpha(2)beta(1) integrin activation. PLoS ONE 4, e6565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0006565 (2009).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"75840_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64318-0","volume":"162","author":"JK McGuire","year":"2003","unstructured":"McGuire, J. K., Li, Q. & Parks, W. C. Matrilysin (matrix metalloproteinase-7) mediates E-cadherin ectodomain shedding in injured lung epithelium. Am. J. Pathol. 162, 1831\u20131843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64318-0 (2003).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"75840_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7723","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610764200","volume":"282","author":"HR Kang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kang, H. R., Cho, S. J., Lee, C. G., Homer, R. J. & Elias, J. A. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 stimulates pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation via a Bax-dependent, bid-activated pathway that involves matrix metalloproteinase-12. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 7723\u20137732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M610764200 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"75840_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2006-0471OC","volume":"37","author":"G Matute-Bello","year":"2007","unstructured":"Matute-Bello, G. et al. Essential role of MMP-12 in Fas-induced lung fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 37, 210\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2006-0471OC (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201305-0954LE","volume":"188","author":"AC Hocke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hocke, A. C. et al. Emerging human middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes widespread infection and alveolar damage in human lungs. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 188, 882\u2013886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201305-0954LE (2013).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"75840_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202003-0543OC","author":"Y Du","year":"2020","unstructured":"Du, Y. et al. Clinical features of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19 from Wuhan: a retrospective observational study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.202003-0543OC (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"75840_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7023","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007023","volume":"4","author":"A Tidhar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tidhar, A. et al. The NlpD lipoprotein is a novel Yersinia pestis virulence factor essential for the development of plague. PLoS ONE 4, e7023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0007023 (2009).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"75840_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.915","volume":"171","author":"H Achdout","year":"2003","unstructured":"Achdout, H. et al. Enhanced recognition of human NK receptors after influenza virus infection. J. Immunol. 171, 915\u2013923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.915 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"75840_CR68","first-page":"493","volume":"27","author":"H Muench","year":"1938","unstructured":"Muench, H. et al. A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am. J. Hygiene 27, 493\u2013497 (1938).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hygiene"},{"key":"75840_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9541-7_10","volume":"141\u2013150","author":"Y Vagima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vagima, Y., Levy, Y. & Mamroud, E. Monitoring of neutrophil recruitment to mice lungs during pneumonic plague. Methods Mol. Biol. 141\u2013150, 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-9541-7_10 (2010).","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8_22","volume":"1627","author":"JQ Coentro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Coentro, J. Q. et al. Collagen quantification in tissue specimens. Methods Mol. Biol. 1627, 341\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8_22 (2017).","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"75840_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2016.09.008","volume":"310","author":"S Lazar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lazar, S. et al. Propagation of damage in the rat brain following sarin exposure: differential progression of early processes. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 310, 87\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2016.09.008 (2016).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-75840-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-75840-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-75840-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T22:33:24Z","timestamp":1670366004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-75840-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["75840"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-75840-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19116"}}