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This study examined the relationship between depression and three prefronto-thalamic tract (PF-TT) regions (the dorsolateral prefronto-thalamic tract [DLPF-TT], ventrolateral prefronto-thalamic tract [VLPF-TT], and the orbitofronto-thalamic tract [OF-TT]) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Thirty-seven patients with depression following mild TBI were recruited based on Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scores. Thirty-one normal control subjects were also recruited. The three regions of the PF-TTs were reconstructed using probabilistic tractography and DTT parameters for each of the three PF-TT regions were determined. The tract volume of the DLPF-TT and OF-TT in the patient group showed a significant decrease compared to that of the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The BDI-II score of the patient group showed a moderate negative correlation with the tract volume value of the right (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.33) and left (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.41) DLPF-TT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). On the other hand, no significant correlations were detected between the BDI-II score of the patient group and the values of the other DTT parameters values for the three PF-TT regions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Using DTT, depression was found to be closely related to a DLPF-TT injury in patients with mild TBI. We believe that evaluation of the DLPF-TT using DTT would be helpful when assessing patients with depression following mild TBI. These results can provide useful information regarding the proper application of neuromodulation in the management of depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76889-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1605178961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Relationship between depression and dorsolateral prefronto-thalamic tract injury in patients with mild traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sung Ho","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeok Gyu","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"76889_CR1","first-page":"37","volume":"1","author":"D Bhowmik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhowmik, D., Sampath Kumar, K. 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