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CA and CA combined Levofloxacin (LFX) were detected for KPN biofilm (BF) formation in vitro. The lung infection mice model were established by KPN. The effect of CA (500\u00a0mg\/kg), LFX (50\u00a0mg\/kg) and CA combined LFX (250\u00a0mg\/kg\u2009+\u200925\u00a0mg\/kg) were evaluated through the survival of mice, the changes of inflammation factors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>), interleukin (IL)-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and IL-6 in serum, the histopathological analysis of lung and the protein expression of NLRP3 signaling pathway in vivo. A total of 62 KPNs were isolated and identified, of which 13 (21%) strains were BF positive. 8 (13%) strains were extended spectrum <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-lactamase strains (ESBLs), and 20 (32%) strains are ESBLs biofilm positive. In vitro study, CA and LFX showed a synergistic effect on KPN biofilm formation. In vivo mice experiment, CA, especially CA\u2009+\u2009LFX treated group significantly decreased the serum levels of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and IL-6, improved the survival ratio and lung pathology changes, and also reduced the protein expression of ASC, caspase 1 p20, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and phosphor NF-\u03baB p65. CA could effectively alleviate lung infection of KPN infected mice, and the antibacterial effection is strengthened by combined with LFX. The study provide a theroy basis for making rational and scientific antibacterial therapy strategy in clinic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76895-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1605610976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Synergistic effect of chlorogenic acid and levofloxacin against Klebsiella pneumonia infection in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Shirui","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingrong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tieying","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangshu","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehui","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumei","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"76895_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17091464","author":"S Esposito","year":"2016","unstructured":"Esposito, S. 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