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Herein, we examined whether H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> has a salutary effect on hypertension in animal models. We subjected 5\/6 nephrectomised rats to inhalation of either H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (1.3% H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009+\u200921% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009+\u200977.7% N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) or control (21% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009+\u200979% N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) gas mixture for 1\u00a0h per day. H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> significantly suppressed increases in blood pressure after 5\/6 nephrectomy. The anti-hypertensive effect of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was also confirmed in rats in a stable hypertensive state 3\u00a0weeks after nephrectomy. To examine the detailed effects of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> on hypertension, we used an implanted telemetry system to continuously monitor blood pressure. H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exerted an anti-hypertensive effect not only during daytime rest, but also during night-time activities. Spectral analysis of blood pressure variability revealed that H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> improved autonomic imbalance, namely by suppressing the overly active sympathetic nervous system and augmenting parasympathetic nervous system activity; these effects co-occurred with the blood pressure-lowering effect. In conclusion, 1-h daily exposure to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exerts an anti-hypertensive effect in an animal model of hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77349-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T11:08:08Z","timestamp":1606388888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Daily inhalation of hydrogen gas has a blood pressure-lowering effect in a rat model of hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Sugai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyoshi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoaki","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizuka","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Fujisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Katsumata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Yoshizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Homma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoji","family":"Hakamata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"77349_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/ams2.320","volume":"5","author":"M Sano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sano, M. et al. 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Sano receives advisory fees and commissioned research fees from Taiyo Nippon Sanso Co., Ltd. And Doctors Man Co., Ltd.; M. Suzuki received advisory fees and commissioned research fees from the Taiyo Nippon Sanso Co., Ltd. E.K receives advisory fees and commissioned research fees from Doctors Man Co., Ltd. Other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20173"}}