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SARS-CoV-2 viral main protease (Mpro, also called 3C\u2010like protease, 3CLpro) is a potential target for drug design. Crystal and co-crystal structures of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro have been solved, enabling the rational design of inhibitory compounds. In this study we analyzed the available SARS-CoV-2 and the highly similar SARS-CoV-1 crystal structures. We identified within the active site of the Mpro, in addition to the inhibitory ligands\u2019 interaction with the catalytic C145, two key H-bond interactions with the conserved H163 and E166 residues. Both H-bond interactions are present in almost all co-crystals and are likely to occur also during the viral polypeptide cleavage process as suggested from docking of the Mpro cleavage recognition sequence. We screened in silico a library of 6900 FDA-approved drugs (ChEMBL) and filtered using these key interactions and selected 29 non-covalent compounds predicted to bind to the protease. Additional screen, using DOCKovalent was carried out on DrugBank library (11,414 experimental and approved drugs) and resulted in 6 covalent compounds. The selected compounds from both screens were tested in vitro by a protease activity inhibition assay. Two compounds showed activity at the 50\u00a0\u00b5M concentration range. Our analysis and findings can facilitate and focus the development of highly potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77794-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T06:03:35Z","timestamp":1606716215000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Conserved interactions required for inhibition of the main protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Alina","family":"Shitrit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Zaidman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ori","family":"Kalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itai","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dvir","family":"Doron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tali","family":"Yarnizky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idit","family":"Buch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idan","family":"Segev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efrat","family":"Ben-Zeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elad","family":"Segev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oren","family":"Kobiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"77794_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.02.034","volume":"76","author":"C Sohrabi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sohrabi, C. et al. World Health Organization declares global emergency: a review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int. J. Surg. 76, 71\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.02.034 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"77794_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30185-9","volume":"395","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, C., Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G. & Gao, G. F. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet 395, 470\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30185-9 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"77794_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Weston, S. et al. Broad anti-coronaviral activity of FDA approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and SARS-CoV in vivo. bioRxiv, 2020.2003.2025.008482, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.25.008482 (2020).","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.03.25.008482"},{"key":"77794_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.0c00343","author":"S Saul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saul, S. & Einav, S. Old drugs for a new virus: repurposed approaches for combating COVID-19. ACS Infect. Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsinfecdis.0c00343 (2020).","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"77794_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2577-1","author":"L Riva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Riva, L. et al. Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drugs through large-scale compound repurposing. 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