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Archives of 979 men who had undergone scrotum and spermatic venous plexus duplex ultrasound were reviewed. In the duplex ultrasound interrogation, the sizes of the larger vessels of the spermatic venous plexus, peritesticular vessels, and testicular volume and relevant parameters were measured. Findings of the vessels were analyzed. One hundred and eight-one out of 979 patients had varicoceles. Color Doppler flow signal was rendered in veins of pampiniform plexus but not in peritesticular vessels in 501 out of 979 patients; 101 out of 501 patients had veins of pampiniform plexus\u2009\u2264\u20093\u00a0mm, no color Doppler flow signal could be rendered in the veins in the 101 patients at supine and standing positions without Valsalva maneuver, color Doppler flow signal could be rendered in the veins in 82 out of 101 patients at supine and standing positions with Valsalva maneuver; no color Doppler flow signal could be rendered in the veins from 19 out of 101 patients with and without Valsalva maneuver at supine and standing positions. 37 out of 979 patients with 61 ipsilateral testicular volume\u2009\u2264\u20095\u00a0mL had no vessel diameter\u2009&gt;\u20092\u00a0mm. The incidences of varicoceles corresponding to different ranges of testicular volume of 1\u20135 mL, 5.1\u201310 mL, 10.1\u201315 mL, 15.1\u201320 mL, 20.1\u201325 mL, and 25.1\u201330 mL were 0.0%, 6.9%, 8.3%, 6.63%, 20.94%, and 59.1%, respectively. The comparisons of incidences of varicocele between distribution percentages of different ranges of testicular volume of 1\u20135\u00a0mL and others (of 5.1 mL and more)\u00a0were all significant (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The correlation coefficient between the different ranges of testicular volume and the incidence of varicoceles was 0.829. Increased testicular volume may be also a factor for the development of varicoceles. Dilated peritesticular vessels may be collateral veins of spermatic veins, anterior and posterior scrotal veins, or proximal vas deferens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78619-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T11:24:50Z","timestamp":1608117890000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Curated findings and implications in duplex ultrasound interrogation of the scrotum or varicoceles"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1086-764X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Size","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6395-638X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongshen","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongyan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingfang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"78619_CR1","unstructured":"Jungwirth, A., Diemer, T., Kopa, Z., Krausz, C., Minhas, S. & Tournaye, H. 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