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While high temperature can be utilized to eliminate <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> spores and the neurotoxin, non-thermal elimination of newly germinated <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> cells before onset of toxin production could provide an alternative or additional factor controlling the risk of botulism in some applications. Here we introduce a putative phage lysin that specifically lyses vegetative <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> Group I cells. This lysin, called CBO1751, efficiently kills cells of <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> Group I strains at the concentration of 5\u00a0\u00b5M, but shows little or no lytic activity against <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> Group II or III or other <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic> strains. CBO1751 is active at pH from 6.5 to 10.5. The lytic activity of CBO1751 is tolerant to NaCl (200\u00a0mM), but highly susceptible to divalent cations Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> (50\u00a0mM). CBO1751 readily and effectively eliminates <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> during spore germination, an early stage preceding vegetative growth and neurotoxin production. This is the first report of an antimicrobial lysin against <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic>, presenting high potential for developing a novel antibotulinal agent for non-thermal applications in food and agricultural industries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78622-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T11:52:15Z","timestamp":1607514735000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Phage lysin that specifically eliminates Clostridium botulinum Group I cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meeri","family":"Lahti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois P.","family":"Douillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Korkeala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miia","family":"Lindstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"78622_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.2.298-314.2006","volume":"19","author":"M Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lindstr\u00f6m, M. & Korkeala, H. 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