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We previously demonstrated in mice that a protein vaccine composed of the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 3\u03b1 genetically fused to the minimally truncated circumsporozoite protein of\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MCSP\n                    <jats:italic>)<\/jats:italic>\n                    elicits high concentrations of specific antibody and significant reduction of liver sporozoite load in a mouse model system. In the current study, a squalene based adjuvant (AddaVax, InvivoGen, San Diego, Ca) equivalent to the clinically approved MF59 (Seqiris, Maidenhead, UK) elicited greater antibody responses in mice than the previously employed adjuvant polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, ((poly(I:C), InvivoGen, San Diego, Ca) and the clinically approved Aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum, Invivogen, San Diego, Ca) adjuvant. Use of the AddaVax adjuvant also expanded the range of IgG subtypes elicited by mouse vaccination. Sera passively transferred into mice from MCSP\/AddaVax immunized 1 and 6\u00a0month old macaques significantly reduced liver sporozoite load upon sporozoite challenge. Protective antibody concentrations attained by passive transfer in the mice were equivalent to those observed in infant macaques 18\u00a0weeks after the final immunization. The efficacy of this vaccine in a relevant non-human primate model indicates its potential usefulness for the analogous high risk human population.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79427-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T06:15:21Z","timestamp":1610518521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A chemokine-fusion vaccine targeting immature dendritic cells elicits elevated antibody responses to malaria sporozoites in infant macaques"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kun","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"Gordy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidel","family":"Zavala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Markham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"79427_CR1","volume-title":"World Malaria Report 2018","author":"WHO","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO. 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