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In a preliminary experiment involving 5 mini-pig cases to determine the appropriate concentration of MNU, the vitreous cavity of each eye was filled with 4, 8, 10, 12, or 16\u00a0mg\/mL MNU for 10\u00a0min, which was then replaced with a balanced salt solution. Multimodal examinations including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and full-field electroretinography (ffERG) were obtained at baseline and week 2, week 6, and week 12. The retinal degeneration was classified according to the amplitudes of a dark adaptive (DA) 10.0 a-wave amplitude. The degree of moderate retinal degeneration was defined as DA 10.0 a-wave amplitude\u2009\u2265\u200910% and\u2009&lt;\u200960% of baseline amplitude. The degree of severe degeneration was defined as DA 10.0 a-wave amplitude\u2009&lt;\u200910% of baseline amplitude, noise, or flat signal. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed at week 12. The main experiments were conducted first with 10 cases of 5\u00a0mg\/mL and later with 13 cases of 10\u00a0mg\/mL. In the preliminary experiment, degree of outer retinal degeneration increased with MNU concentration. Use of 4, 8, 10, 12, and 16\u00a0mg\/mL MNU showed no, moderate, severe, severe, and atrophic changes, respectively. In the main experiments, there were 9 cases of moderate retinal degeneration and 1 case of severe degeneration in 5\u00a0mg\/mL MNU group. Two cases of moderate degeneration and 11 of severe degeneration were recorded in 10\u00a0mg\/mL group. Mean thickness of total retina, inner nuclear layer, and outer nuclear layer decreased at week 2 in both groups. The mean amplitudes on ffERG decreased at week 2. The ffERG and OCT findings did not change from week 2 to week 6 or week 12.\u00a0The results of staining supported those of ffERG and OCT. Temporal MNU loading in a vitrectomized pig-eye model induced customized outer retinal degeneration with changing the concentration of MNU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79437-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T11:19:34Z","timestamp":1610104774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An experimental pig model with outer retinal degeneration induced by temporary intravitreal loading of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea during vitrectomy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kwang-Eon","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vu Thi Que","family":"Anh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jee Taek","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheolmin","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongkwang","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungryul","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Sook","family":"Goo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"79437_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(99)00401-8","volume":"129","author":"RN Fariss","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fariss, R. 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