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We now report that near infra-red laser light, delivered via a fibre optic light guide, also affects axonal membrane potential and threshold, at least partly through a photo-thermal effect. Application of light to optic nerve, at the recording site, gave rise to a local membrane potential hyperpolarization over a period of about a minute, and increased the size of the depolarizing after potential. Application near the site of electrical stimulation reversibly raised current-threshold, and the change in threshold recorded over minutes of irradiation was significantly increased by the application of the <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub> blocker, ZD7288 (50\u00a0\u00b5M), indicating <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub> limits the hyperpolarizing effect of light. Light application also had fast effects on nerve behaviour, increasing threshold without appreciable delay (within seconds), probably by a mechanism independent of kinetically fast K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channels and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channel inactivation, and hypothesized to be caused by reversible changes in myelin function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00084-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T15:30:38Z","timestamp":1634311838000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Changing the firing threshold for normal optic nerve axons by the application of infra-red laser light"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Lavinia J.","family":"Austerschmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine I.","family":"Schottler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alyssa M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"84_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-015-1696-2","volume":"467","author":"TA Coates","year":"2015","unstructured":"Coates, T. 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