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The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of the reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) method in the diagnosis of gene rearrangements, the effectiveness of EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and PD-L1 inhibitors in first-line treatment in NSCLC patients. We enrolled 95 non-squamous NSCLC patients with known status of <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ROS1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MET<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>RET<\/jats:italic> genes and PD-L1 protein expression. We used the real time PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RT-PCR techniques for determination of predictive factors. In patients with <jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ROS1<\/jats:italic> genes alteration, the median overall survival was 34\u00a0months in crizotinib treated patients and 6\u00a0months in patients who received chemotherapy (HR\u2009=\u20090.266, p\u2009=\u20090.0056). The risk of death was lower in patients treated with molecularly targeted therapies or immunotherapy compared to patients with predictive factors without personalized treatment (HR\u2009=\u20090.265, 95% CI 0.116\u20130.606) and to patient without predictive factors who received chemotherapy (HR\u2009=\u20090.42, 95% CI 0.162\u20131.09). Diagnosis of predictive factors and implementation of personalized treatment are key to prolonging the survival in advanced NSCLC patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00309-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T10:13:12Z","timestamp":1634897592000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Crizotinib efficacy in advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients with ALK or ROS1 rearrangement"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8400-4452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Krawczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2112-8092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Grenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8806-8197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Terlecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4154-156X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"B\u0142ach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9947-5169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamila","family":"Wojas-Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2678-8655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kucharczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0948-9071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Chmielewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5775-0193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Kieszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0956-7727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Jarosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9965-261X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5612-1598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Reszka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8616-596X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janusz","family":"Milanowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"309_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13040804","volume":"13","author":"D Konig","year":"2021","unstructured":"Konig, D., Prince, S. 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