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Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently gained attention as easily accessible and non-invasive biomarkers. We conducted a comprehensive miRNA expression analysis of serum samples from 1348 Japanese dementia patients, composed of four subtypes\u2014Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and normal pressure hydrocephalus\u2014and 246 control subjects. We used this data to construct dementia subtype prediction models based on penalized regression models with the multiclass classification. We constructed a final prediction model using 46 miRNAs, which classified dementia patients from an independent validation set into four subtypes of dementia. Network analysis of miRNA target genes revealed important hub genes,\n                    <jats:italic>SRC<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>CHD3,<\/jats:italic>\n                    associated with the AD pathogenesis. Moreover,\n                    <jats:italic>MCU<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>CASP3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which are known to be associated with DLB pathogenesis, were identified from our DLB-specific target genes. Our study demonstrates the potential of blood-based biomarkers for use in dementia-subtype prediction models. We believe that further investigation using larger sample sizes will contribute to the accurate classification of subtypes of dementia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00424-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T06:13:12Z","timestamp":1634883192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Dementia subtype prediction models constructed by penalized regression methods for multiclass classification using serum microRNA expression data"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yuya","family":"Asanomi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daichi","family":"Shigemizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouichi","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Ochiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumpei","family":"Niida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"424_CR1","volume-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2015: The Global Impact of Dementia: An Analysis of Prevalence, Incidence, Cost And trends","author":"M Prince","year":"2015","unstructured":"Prince, M. et al. 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