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A nationwide COVID-19 cohort database was collected by the Korea National Health Insurance Corporation. A total of 8,070 COVID-19 patients (1 January 2020 through 4 June 2020) were matched with 32,280 control participants. Severe COVID-19 morbidity was defined based on the treatment histories of the intensive care unit, invasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and death. The susceptibility\/morbidity\/mortality associated with prior histories of 1\u201314, 1\u201330, 1\u201390, 15\u201345, 15\u201390, and 31\u201390\u00a0days before COVID-19 onset were analyzed using conditional\/unconditional logistic regression. Prior influenza infection was related to increased susceptibility to COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]\u2009=\u20093.07 [1.61\u20135.85] for 1\u201314\u00a0days and 1.91 [1.54\u20132.37] for 1\u201390\u00a0days). Prior URI was also associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 (6.95 [6.38\u20137.58] for 1\u201314\u00a0days, 4.99 [4.64\u20135.37] for 1\u201330\u00a0days, and 2.70 [2.55\u20132.86] for 1\u201390\u00a0days). COVID-19 morbidity was positively associated with influenza (3.64 [1.55\u20139.21] and 3.59 [1.42\u20139.05]) and URI (1.40 [1.11\u20131.78] and 1.28 [1.02\u20131.61]) at 1\u201314\u00a0days and 1\u201330\u00a0days, respectively. Overall, previous influenza\/URI did not show an association with COVID-19 mortality. Previous influenza\/URI histories were associated with increased COVID-19 susceptibility and morbidity. Our findings indicate why controlling influenza\/URI is important during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00428-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T11:04:18Z","timestamp":1635937458000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The associations of previous influenza\/upper respiratory infection with COVID-19 susceptibility\/morbidity\/mortality: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"So Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joo-Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee Hye","family":"Wee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Younghee","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanyang","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dae Myoung","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songyong","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyo Geun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"428_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","volume":"395","author":"C Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang, C. et al. 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