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An interventional, prospective, multicenter study was designed. Children aged between 6 and 14\u00a0years, with myopia between \u2212\u00a02.00 D to \u2212\u00a06.00 D, astigmatism\u2009&lt;\u20091.50 D and documented previous annual progression greater than \u2212\u00a00.5 D (cycloplegic spherical equivalent, SE) were included. Once nightly\u00a0atropine 0.01% eye drops  in each eye were prescribed to all participants for 12\u00a0months. Age, gender, ethnicity and iris color were registered. All patients underwent the same follow-up protocol in every center: baseline visit, telephone consultation 2\u00a0weeks later and office controls at 4, 8 and 12\u00a0months. At each visit, best-corrected visual acuity, and cycloplegic autorefraction were assessed. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth and pupil diameter were measured on an IOL Master (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin, CA). Adverse effects were registered in a specific questionnaire. Mean changes in cycloplegic SE and AL in the 12\u00a0months follow-up were analyzed. SE progression during treatment was compared with the SE progression in the year before enrollment for each patient. Correlation between SE and AL, and annual progression distribution were evaluated. Progression risk factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Of the 105 recruited children, 92 completed the treatment. Mean SE and AL changes were \u2212\u00a00.44\u2009\u00b1\u20090.41 D and 0.27\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20\u00a0mm respectively. Mean SE progression was lower than the year before treatment (\u2212\u00a00.44\u2009\u00b1\u20090.41 D versus \u2212\u00a01.01\u2009\u00b1\u20090.38 D; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). An inverse correlation between SE progression and AL progression (r: \u2212\u00a00.42; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) was found. Fifty-seven patients (62%) had a SE progression less than \u2212\u00a00.50 D. No risk factors associated with progression could be identified in multivariate analyses. Mean pupil diameter increment at 12-months visit was 0.74\u2009\u00b1\u20091.76\u00a0mm. The adverse effects were mild and infrequent, and decreased over the time. Atropine 0.01% is effective and safe for myopia progression control in a multicentric Spanish children cohort. We believe this efficacy might be extensible to the myopic pediatric population from Western countries with similar social and demographic features. More studies about myopia progression risk factors among atropine treated patients are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00923-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T11:06:21Z","timestamp":1636110381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A multicenter Spanish study of atropine 0.01% in childhood myopia progression"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"P\u00e9rez-Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatr\u00edz","family":"Mac\u00edas-Murelaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Barrio-Barrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Multicenter Group of Atropine Treatment for Myopia Control (GTAM)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"P\u00e9rez Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Valc\u00e1rcel Vizca\u00edno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Garc\u00eda Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Catal\u00e1n L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Enr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Iglesias \u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Lorente Bulnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Garc\u00eda-Anllo Reinoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Carnero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"de Rojas Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Barrio Barrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatr\u00edz","family":"Mac\u00edas-Murelaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Feijoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Rodr\u00edguez S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Argentina Rosario","family":"Calvo Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"L\u00f3pez-Romero Moraleda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngela","family":"Barraj\u00f3n Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"G\u00e1lvez Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana Victoria","family":"Mesa Carina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Gal\u00e1n Risue\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Domingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"923_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","volume":"123","author":"BA Holden","year":"2016","unstructured":"Holden, B. 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