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We enrolled 304 hands with electrodiagnostically identified CTS and 88 control hands. CTS hands were assigned to duration groups (D1,\u2009&lt;\u20093\u00a0months; D2, 3\u20126\u00a0months; D3, 6\u201212\u00a0months; D4,\u2009\u2265\u200912\u00a0months) and severity groups (S1, very mild; S2, mild; S3, moderate; S4, severe). The temperature difference between the median and ulnar nerve territories (\u0394M-U territories) decreased as CTS duration and severity increased. Significant differences in \u0394M-U territories between the D1 and D3, D1 and D4, D2 and D4, and S1 and S4 groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, 0.001, 0.001, and\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively) were observed. Thermal anisometry increased as CTS duration and severity increased. Significant differences in thermal anisometry between the D1 and D4 as well as the D2 and D4 groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005 and 0.04, respectively) were noted. Thermal anisometry was higher in the S4 group than in the S1, S2, and S3 groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009,\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, and 0.003, respectively). As CTS progresses, skin temperature tends to decrease and thermal variation tends to increase in the median nerve-innervated area. Thermographic findings reflect the physiological changes of the entrapped median nerve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01381-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T11:02:38Z","timestamp":1636455758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Application of digital infrared thermography for carpal tunnel syndrome evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Dougho","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Eok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon Sik","family":"Eom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Man","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joong Won","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mansu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heum Dai","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang Woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1381_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90038-O","volume":"45","author":"MC de Krom","year":"1992","unstructured":"de Krom, M. 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