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UK Biobank participants with no significant ocular history were included\u00a0using the UK Biobank Resource (project 2112). Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were taken and segmented to define retinal layers. The influence of AMD risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on retinal layer thickness was analysed. AMD risk associated SNPs were strongly associated with outer-retinal layer thickness. The inner-segment outer segment (ISOS)-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) thickness measurement, representing photoreceptor outer segments was most significantly associated with the cumulative polygenic risk score, composed of 33 AMD-associated variants, resulting in a decreased thickness (p\u2009=\u20091.37\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u201367<\/jats:sup>). Gene\u2013gene interactions involving the <jats:italic>NPLOC4-TSPAN10<\/jats:italic> SNP rs6565597 were associated with significant changes in outer retinal thickness. Thickness of outer retinal layers is highly associated with the presence of risk AMD SNPs. Specifically, the ISOS-RPE measurement. Changes to ISOS-RPE thickness are seen in clinically normal individuals with AMD risk SNPs suggesting structural changes occur at the macula prior to the onset of disease symptoms or overt clinical signs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02631-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T11:04:42Z","timestamp":1638356682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Macular thickness varies with age-related macular degeneration genetic risk variants in the UK Biobank cohort"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Patasova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pirro","family":"Hysi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Lotery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"The UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pirro","family":"Hysi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Lotery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2631_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70145-1","volume":"2","author":"WL Wong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wong, W. 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