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The objective was to study the efficacy and safety of medical cannabinoids in children. The search included studies through 11-May-2020. Selection criteria included studies evaluating efficacy and safety outcomes of medical cannabinoids (tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and other cannabis derivatives) versus control in children, independently assessed by two reviewers. Eight studies were included, all of which are randomized controlled trials. Cannabidiol is associated with 50% reduction in seizures rate (Relative Risk (RR)\u2009=\u20091.69, 95% CI [1.20\u20132.36]) and caregiver global impression of change (Median Estimated difference\u2009=\u2009(\u2212\u20091), 95%CI [\u2212\u20091.39\u2013(\u2212\u20090.60)]) in Dravet syndrome, compared to placebo. While cannabidiol was associated with a reduction in reported seizure events (RR\u2009=\u20090.59, 95% CI [0.36\u20130.97]), no association was found in products contained also tetrahydrocannabinol (RR\u2009=\u20091.35, 95% CI [0.46\u20134.03]). Higher dose of cannabidiol was associated with decreased appetite (RR\u2009=\u20092.40, 95% CI [1.39\u20134.15]). A qualitative assessment suggests that medical cannabinoids might be associated with adverse mental events. In conclusion, cannabidiol is associated with clinical improvement in Dravet syndrome. However, cannabidiol is also associated with decreased appetite. Adverse mental events were reported as well, however, more research should be performed to assess well this outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02770-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T06:06:05Z","timestamp":1638770765000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Efficacy and safety of medical cannabinoids in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nir","family":"Treves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noa","family":"Mor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Allegaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hely","family":"Bassalov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matitiahu","family":"Berkovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orit E.","family":"Stolar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilan","family":"Matok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2770_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.009","volume":"177","author":"JY Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park, J. 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Prof Karel Allegaert is a member of the data safety monitoring committee on a study that assesses the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics, of GWP42003-P (cannabidiol) in conjunction with hypothermia in neonates with moderate or severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (sponsor GW Research Ltd, beneficiary: KU Leuven, Belgium). The other authors have no example conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23462"}}