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However, it is often limited by the need for adherence to self-measurement, charging and self-application of wearables, or usage of apps. Here, we describe a non-contact, adherence-independent sensor, that when placed beneath the legs of a patient\u2019s home bed, longitudinally monitors total body weight, detailed respiratory signals, and ballistocardiograms for months, without requiring any active patient participation. Accompanying algorithms separate weight and respiratory signals when the bed is shared by a partner or a pet. Validation studies demonstrate quantitative equivalence to commercial sensors during overnight sleep studies. The feasibility of detecting obstructive and central apneas, cardiopulmonary coupling, and the hemodynamic consequences of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia is also established. Real-world durability is demonstrated by 3\u00a0months of in-home monitoring in an example patient with heart failure and ischemic cardiomyopathy as he recovers from coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. BedScales is the first sensor to measure adherence-independent total body weight as well as longitudinal cardiopulmonary physiology. As such, it has the potential to create a multidimensional picture of chronic disease, learn signatures of impending hospitalization, and enable optimization of care in the home.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03105-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T11:03:53Z","timestamp":1640084633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Passive longitudinal weight and cardiopulmonary monitoring in the home bed"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Harrington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan M.","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Hernandez-Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela N.","family":"DeYoung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Wassell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bayan","family":"Duwaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshay S.","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1278-6245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak L.","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parag","family":"Agnihotri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6515-6204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert L.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2144-2495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Todd P.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1472-2189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin R.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3105_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1161\/HHF.0b013e318291329a","volume":"6","author":"PA Heidenreich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heidenreich, P. 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King and Coleman and Nicholas Harrington are inventors on a patent application describing the Bedscales technology. Dr. Kevin R. King discloses consulting relationships with Bristol Myers Squibb and Astrazeneca, Medimmune and is founder of Nightingale Labs. Dr. Deepak L. Bhatt discloses the following relationships\u2014Advisory Board: Boehringer Ingelheim,\u00a0Cardax, CellProthera,\u00a0Cereno Scientific, Elsevier Practice Update Cardiology, Janssen, Level Ex,\u00a0Medscape Cardiology, MyoKardia, NirvaMed, Novo Nordisk,\u00a0PhaseBio, PLx Pharma,\u00a0Regado Biosciences,\u00a0Stasys; Board of Directors: Boston VA Research Institute, Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care, TobeSoft; Chair: Inaugural Chair,\u00a0American Heart Association Quality Oversight Committee; Data Monitoring Committees: Baim Institute for Clinical Research (formerly Harvard Clinical Research Institute, for the PORTICO trial, funded by St. Jude Medical, now Abbott), Boston Scientific (Chair, PEITHO trial),\u00a0Cleveland Clinic (including for the ExCEED trial, funded by Edwards), Contego Medical (Chair, PERFORMANCE 2),\u00a0Duke Clinical Research Institute, Mayo Clinic, Mount Sinai School of Medicine (for the ENVISAGE trial, funded by Daiichi Sankyo), Novartis,\u00a0Population Health Research Institute; Honoraria: American College of Cardiology (Senior Associate Editor, Clinical Trials and News, ACC.org; Chair, ACC Accreditation Oversight\u00a0Committee), Arnold and Porter law firm (work related to Sanofi\/Bristol-Myers Squibb clopidogrel litigation),\u00a0Baim Institute for Clinical Research (formerly Harvard Clinical Research Institute; RE-DUAL PCI clinical trial steering committee funded by Boehringer Ingelheim; AEGIS-II executive committee funded by CSL Behring), Belvoir Publications (Editor in Chief, Harvard Heart Letter), Canadian Medical and Surgical Knowledge Translation Research Group (clinical trial steering committees), Cowen and Company,\u00a0Duke Clinical Research Institute (clinical trial steering committees, including for the PRONOUNCE trial, funded by Ferring Pharmaceuticals), HMP Global (Editor in Chief, Journal of Invasive Cardiology), Journal of the American College of Cardiology (Guest Editor; Associate Editor), K2P (Co-Chair, interdisciplinary curriculum), Level Ex,\u00a0Medtelligence\/ReachMD (CME steering committees), MJH Life Sciences, Piper Sandler,\u00a0Population Health Research Institute (for the COMPASS operations committee, publications committee, steering committee, and USA national co-leader, funded by Bayer), Slack Publications (Chief Medical Editor, Cardiology Today\u2019s Intervention), Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care (Secretary\/Treasurer), WebMD (CME steering committees); Other: Clinical Cardiology (Deputy Editor), NCDR-ACTION Registry Steering Committee (Chair), VA CART Research and Publications Committee (Chair); Research Funding: Abbott, Afimmune, Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cardax, CellProthera, Cereno Scientific,\u00a0Chiesi, CSL Behring, Eisai, Ethicon, Faraday Pharmaceuticals,\u00a0Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Forest Laboratories, Fractyl, Garmin, HLS Therapeutics,\u00a0Idorsia, Ironwood, Ischemix, Janssen, Javelin, Lexicon,\u00a0Lilly, Medtronic, MyoKardia, NirvaMed, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Owkin, Pfizer,\u00a0PhaseBio, PLx Pharma, Regeneron, Reid Hoffman Foundation,\u00a0Roche, Sanofi, Stasys,\u00a0Synaptic, The Medicines Company, 89Bio; Royalties: Elsevier (Editor, Cardiovascular Intervention: A Companion to Braunwald\u2019s Heart Disease); Site Co-Investigator: Abbott,\u00a0Biotronik, Boston Scientific, CSI, St. Jude Medical (now Abbott), Philips,\u00a0Svelte; Trustee: American College of Cardiology; Unfunded Research: FlowCo, Merck, Takeda. Dr. Akshay S. Desai discloses the following relationships \u2013 Research grants to Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital to support clinical trial activities from Alnylam, AstraZeneca, and Novartis; Consulting fees from Abbott, Alnylam, AstraZeneca, Biofourmis, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Merck, Novartis, Relypsa, Regeneron. Dr. Owens reports consulting fees from Novartis, and research grants to UCSD from Snoozeal, Nitto Denko, and Masimo. Drs. Quan Bui, Dr. Parag Agnihotri, Andrew Wassell, Zhe Wei, Brandon Hernandez-Pacheco, Pamela DeYoung, and Bayan Duwaik report no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"24376"}}