{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:33:57Z","timestamp":1785717237831,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002597","name":"Kyung Hee University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KHU-20181041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KHU-20181041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002597","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002597","name":"Kyung Hee University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KHU-20181041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KHU-20181041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002597","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002597","name":"Kyung Hee University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KHU-20181041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KHU-20181041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002597","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with allergic comorbidities, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The etiology of keloid is largely unknown; however, AD and keloid share inflammatory pathways characterized by T-helper cell 2 cytokines and increased dermal fibroblast activity. The prevalence of keloids has been reported to increase in patients with AD, but it remains controversial. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of keloids in patients with AD, and compare it with the prevalence of other comorbidities of AD. We assessed the Korean National Health Information Database and medical records including coexisting asthma, AR, and ACD. Single and multiple logistic regression models were created for keloids and each allergic disease. The prevalence of keloids was higher in the AD group than in the control group. Among patients with AD, adolescents and adults had a higher prevalence of keloids than infants and children. The risk of keloids was high with AD alone, and coexisting asthma significantly increased the risk. Similarly, the risk of keloids was higher in AR associated with AD and ACD associated with AD than in AD alone. Thus, among Koreans, patients with AD have a higher risk of keloid development, with coexisting allergic diseases increasing the risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03164-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T11:03:07Z","timestamp":1638961387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The increased prevalence of keloids in atopic dermatitis patients with allergic comorbidities: a nationwide retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5226-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyo-Eun","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0085-9566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye-Jin","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Jin","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9834-7931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Kyung","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3164_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2019.04.020","volume":"123","author":"JI Silverberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Silverberg, J. I. Comorbidities and the impact of atopic dermatitis. Ann. Allergy. Asthma. Immunol. 123, 144\u2013151 (2019).","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy. Asthma. Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3164_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000370220","volume":"66","author":"S Nutten","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nutten, S. Atopic dermatitis: Global epidemiology and risk factors. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 66(Suppl 1), 8\u201316 (2015).","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"3164_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm_00000231","volume":"24","author":"GM Bran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bran, G. M., Goessler, U. R., Hormann, K., Riedel, F. & Sadick, H. Keloids: Current concepts of pathogenesis (review). Int. J. Mol. Med. 24, 283\u2013293 (2009).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"3164_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06698.x","volume":"153","author":"M Fujiwara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fujiwara, M., Muragaki, Y. & Ooshima, A. Keloid-derived fibroblasts show increased secretion of factors involved in collagen turnover and depend on matrix metalloproteinase for migration. Br. J. Dermatol. 153, 295\u2013300 (2005).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555575102104","volume":"75","author":"H Nakaoka","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nakaoka, H., Miyauchi, S. & Miki, Y. Proliferating activity of dermal fibroblasts in keloids and hypertrophic scars. Acta. Derm. Venereol. 75, 102\u2013104 (1995).","journal-title":"Acta. Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"3164_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.02.029","volume":"131","author":"A Berroth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berroth, A. et al. Role of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol. 131, 1547\u20131554 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"3164_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41702-020-00063-8","volume":"4","author":"S Tripathi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tripathi, S. et al. Hypertrophic scars and keloids: A review and current treatment modalities. Biomed. Dermatol. 4, 1 (2020).","journal-title":"Biomed. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000110","volume":"2","author":"EB Brandt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brandt, E. B. & Sivaprasad, U. Th2 cytokines and atopic dermatitis. J. Clin. Cell. Immunol. 2, 110 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"3164_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04481.x","volume":"27","author":"A Iking","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iking, A. et al. Prurigo as a symptom of atopic and non-atopic diseases: Aetiological survey in a consecutive cohort of 108 patients. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 27, 550\u2013557 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"3164_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.07.042","volume":"121","author":"JI Silverberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Silverberg, J. I. et al. Association of atopic dermatitis with allergic, autoimmune, and cardiovascular comorbidities in US adults. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 121, 604\u2013612 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"3164_CR11","unstructured":"Kang, S., Amagai, A., Bruckner, A. L., Enk, A. H., Margolis, D. J., McMichael, A.J., et al. Fitzpatrhick\u2019s Dermatology, 9th edition. (ed. Kang, S.) 3723 (McGraw Hill, 2019)"},{"key":"3164_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2009.04.002","volume":"28","author":"AP Kelly","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kelly, A. P. Update on the management of keloids. Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 28, 71\u201376 (2009).","journal-title":"Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg."},{"key":"3164_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-014-1491-5","volume":"306","author":"LM Sun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sun, L. M., Wang, K. H. & Lee, Y. C. Keloid incidence in Asian people and its comorbidity with other fibrosis-related diseases: A nationwide population-based study. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 306, 803\u2013808 (2014).","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"3164_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022865","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022865","volume":"8","author":"YY Lu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lu, Y. Y. et al. Keloid risk in patients with atopic dermatitis: A nationwide retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. BMJ Open 8, e022865 (2018).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"3164_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.169144","volume":"60","author":"E Hajdarbegovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hajdarbegovic, E. & Bloem, A. The association between atopic disorders and keloids: A case-control study. Indian. J. Dermatol. 60, 635 (2015).","journal-title":"Indian. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.01.013","volume":"51","author":"JP Andrews","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andrews, J. P., Marttala, J., Macarak, E., Rosenbloom, J. & Uitto, J. Keloids: The paradigm of skin fibrosis: Pathomechanisms and treatment. Matrix Biol. 51, 37\u201346 (2016).","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"3164_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.11.008","volume":"136","author":"JU Shin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shin, J. U. et al. TSLP is a potential initiator of collagen synthesis and an activator of CXCR4\/SDF-1 axis in keloid pathogenesis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 136, 507\u2013515 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2009.00919.x","volume":"21","author":"EB Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee, E. B. et al. Increased serum thymic stromal lymphopoietin in children with atopic dermatitis. Pediatr. Allergy. Immunol. 21, e457\u2013e460 (2010).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy. Immunol."},{"key":"3164_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.182","volume":"83","author":"KA Williams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams, K. A., Huang, A. H., Belzberg, M. & Kwatra, S. G. Prurigo nodularis: Pathogenesis and management. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 83, 1567\u20131575 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12613623","volume":"104","author":"MR Duncan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Duncan, M. R., Hasan, A. & Berman, B. Oncostatin M stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan production by cultured normal dermal fibroblasts: Insensitivity of sclerodermal and keloidal fibroblasts. J. Invest. Dermatol. 104, 128\u2013133 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16173","volume":"178","author":"Z Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen, Z. et al. Characterization of CD45RO+ memory T lymphocytes in keloid disease. Br. J. Dermatol. 178, 940\u2013950 (2018).","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JD9.0000559512.70438.06","volume":"2","author":"QN Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, Q. N. & Zhu, H. Q. The roles of skin-resident memory T cells in dermatoses. Int. J. Dermatol. Venereol. 2, 29\u201332 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"3164_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0340-7","volume":"19","author":"JL Owen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Owen, J. L., Vakharia, P. P. & Silverberg, J. I. The role and diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis in patients with atopic dermatitis. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 19, 293\u2013302 (2018).","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"3164_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12358","volume":"69","author":"JP Thyssen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thyssen, J. P., McFadden, J. P. & Kimber, I. The multiple factors affecting the association between atopic dermatitis and contact sensitization. Allergy 69, 28\u201336 (2014).","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"3164_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1159\/000366314","volume":"34","author":"J Han","year":"2014","unstructured":"Han, J. et al. Association of ADAM33 gene polymorphisms with keloid scars in a northeastern Chinese population. Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 34, 981\u2013987 (2014).","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"3164_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00878","volume":"418","author":"P Van Eerdewegh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Van Eerdewegh, P. et al. Association of the ADAM33 gene with asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Nature 418, 426\u2013430 (2002).","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-03164-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-03164-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-03164-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T20:23:13Z","timestamp":1699906993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-03164-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-03164-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 November 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23669"}}