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LS measurement using transient elastography and serum fibrosis surrogate markers before treatment and at 48, 96, 144\u00a0weeks after starting direct-acting antivirals (DAA) according to the protocol were evaluated. Patients were also compared with historical cohort treated with pegylated interferon (peg-IFN). Sustained viral response (SVR) was observed in 95.8%. LS value in the patients achieving SVR significantly decreased over time (19.4\u2009\u00b1\u200912.9\u00a0kPa [baseline], 13.9\u2009\u00b1\u20099.1\u00a0kPa [48\u00a0weeks], 11.7\u2009\u00b1\u20098.2\u00a0kPa [96\u00a0weeks], 10.09\u2009\u00b1\u20096.23 [144\u00a0weeks], all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). With matched analysis, the decrease in LS value was significantly larger in DAA group than peg-IFN group at both 48\u00a0weeks (29% vs. 9%) and 96\u00a0weeks (39% vs. 17%). The incidence of HCC was not significantly different between DAA and peg-IFN groups (5.5% vs. 5.4%) at 144\u00a0weeks. HCV eradication with DAA can lead to improvement of liver stiffness over time. The regression of fibrosis was greater in the group with DAA than peg-IFN.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Clinical trials registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02865369).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03272-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T11:03:21Z","timestamp":1641553401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Regression of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development after HCV eradication with oral antiviral agents"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hae Won","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Yong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Gyune","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Kul","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sae Hwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Won","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Young","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oh Sang","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3272_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21176","volume":"43","author":"A Sangiovanni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sangiovanni, A. et al. 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